Tag: M.W:200-300

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Oxidation of guanine and guanosine by bromine》. Authors are Shapiro, Robert; Agarwal, Satish C..The article about the compound:8-Bromoguaninecas:3066-84-0,SMILESS:NC(N1)=NC(NC(Br)=N2)=C2C1=O).HPLC of Formula: 3066-84-0. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:3066-84-0) is conveyed.

In order to establish the chem. basis for the mutagenic effect of brominating agents, guanine (I) and guanosine (II) were subjected to the action of Br, and the reaction products were investigated. Treatment of I with excess Br in H2O at room temperature for several days afforded 38% oxalylguanidine (III), m. >300°. Alternate routes to III were: (1) CrO3 oxidation of 2amino-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, or (2) condensation of EtO2CCO2Et with H2NC(NH2): NH.H2CO3. The latter reaction also yielded oxalylbiguanide (IV), m. 232-4°. In addition to III, the following degradation products were formed from I upon reaction with Br (method of isolation and percent yield given): oxaluric acid (NH4+ salt, 32); guanidine (picrate, 26); and oxalic acid (Ca++ salt, 24). The presence of urea was also demonstrated chromatographically and estimated spectrophotometrically. Reaction of I with Br in a limited amount of H2O gave rise to 8-bromoguanine, from which the same degradation products were produced upon further treatment with aqueous Br. When II was allowed to react with excess Br in H2O the initial product (65% yield) was identified as 8-bromoguanosine (V). Upon further reaction, V was degraded to the following products: oxalic acid, guanidine, urea, ribose, D-ribosylurea, and D-ribosyloxaluric acid. Paper chromatography and electrophoresis were used for the separation and identification of these products. The mutagenic action of Br is attributed to destruction of the guanine residues in nucleic acids. The loss of guanine would result in disruption of H bonds and a weakening of the secondary structure of the nucleic acid chains.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Name: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione. Aromatic compounds can be divided into two categories: single heterocycles and fused heterocycles. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Determination of pentifylline in sustained release tablets. Author is Abu-Shady, Hamed A.; Hassib, Sonia T.; Youssef, Nadia F..

Pentifylline was determined by 2 sensitive methods viz: a titrimetric method in which pentifylline was treated with N-bromosuccinimide in aqueous sulfuric acid medium and a spectrophotometric method for the determination of pentifylline in the presence of nicotinic acid, recording absorbance of the mixture in methanol at 273 and 263 nm. The methods were applied with success for the evaluation of pentifylline in tablets. An attempt to determine other purine derivatives by N-bromosuccinimide is included.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Reaction of guanine with glycidol, published in 2009-02-28, which mentions a compound: 3066-84-0, Name is 8-Bromoguanine, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, Quality Control of 8-Bromoguanine.

Reaction of guanine with glycidol regiospecifically gave 2-amino-6-oxo-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)purine. Reaction of 8-bromoguanine with glycidol gave a mixture of 2-amino-6-oxo-8-bromo-3- and 9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)purine.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
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The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Low spin ferric hemoglobin complexes》. Authors are Harris, Gilda.The article about the compound:8-Bromoguaninecas:3066-84-0,SMILESS:NC(N1)=NC(NC(Br)=N2)=C2C1=O).Electric Literature of C5H4BrN5O. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:3066-84-0) is conveyed.

A calculation has been made of the energy eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of low-spin ferric ion in complexes with a strong cubic crystal field including the effects of tetragonal and rhombic distortions and of spin-orbit coupling among the ground state components and with excited states. Using the resultant, spin-orbit coupled eigenfunctions as a basis set, the magnetic susceptibility, the components of magnetic field energy, and the lattice and valence contributions to an elec. field gradient at the iron nucleus were all calculated as a function of rhombic, tetragonal, and spin-orbit coupling strength used as parameters: R, u, and δ. All of the calculated results agree reasonably well with exptl. for the values of parameters R = 1000 cm.-1 u = 2000 cm.-1, and the free ion value δ= 420 cm.-1 These values of parameters were selected for the excellent fit they gave of the calculated values of gx, gy, and gz compared with the exptl. ones obtained from single crystal ESR of ferriHb azide. With them, a value of 2.29 μB was calculated for the effective magnetic moment compared to the exptl. value of 2.35. The total field gradient calculated under the same conditions predicts a nuclear quadrupole moment Q in the range of 0.107-0.127 barns, which is smaller than the range predicted from the high spin ferric ion results. Reasons for the discrepancy are discussed. 16 references

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
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Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, Non-P.H.S., Journal of Investigative Dermatology called Pentoxifylline, pentifylline, and interferons decrease type I and III procollagen mRNA levels in dermal fibroblasts: Evidence for mediation by nuclear factor 1 down-regulation, Author is Duncan, Matthew R.; Hasan, Anthony; Berman, Brian, which mentions a compound: 1028-33-7, SMILESS is CN1C=NC(N(C(N2CCCCCC)=O)C)=C1C2=O, Molecular C13H20N4O2, Electric Literature of C13H20N4O2.

Pentoxifylline (PTX) is a methylxanthine that exhibits multiple biol. activities, including the inhibition of collagen synthesis by dermal fibroblasts. Because some PTX activities have recently been linked to transcription factor-mediated regulation of gene transcription, we have investigated if PTX acts to inhibit collagen synthesis at a transcriptional locus by measuring procollagen mRNA levels and by assaying for the presence of an activator of procollagen gene promoters, nuclear factor (NF)-1. The effects of another methylxanthine, pentifylline (PTF), shown herein to be a ten-fold more potent inhibitor of collagen synthesis than PTX, and interferon-α, -β, and -γ were studied in parallel. Anal. of extracellular protein and RNA from 48-h-treated fibroblasts showed that PTX, PTF, and interferons decreased α1(I), α2(I), and α1(III) procollagens by reducing the steady-state levels of the corresponding procollagen mRNA transcripts. Reduction of procollagen mRNA levels appeared to be dependent on new protein synthesis, as it was prevented by treatment with cycloheximide. Assay for the presence of nuclear NF-1 by gel mobility shift anal. showed that extracts from interferon, PTX, and PTF-treated fibroblasts lacked proteins recognizing the consensus DNA binding sequence for NF-1. Taken together, these observations suggest interferons and methylxanthines may inhibit fibroblast collagen synthesis by a common mechanism requiring new protein synthesis that suppresses procollagen gene transcription through down-regulation of NF-1.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 1028-33-7, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, about Autoradiographic study of the distribution of 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine-14C in mice, the main research direction is HEXYLXANTHINES METAB; XANTHINES METAB; DIMETHYLXANTHINES METAB; METAB DIMETHYLXANTHINES.Application of 1028-33-7.

Pregnant white mice were given 2 mg. of 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine-14C (SK7-14C) dissolved in Me2SO in the tail vein, and sacrificed 5 and 20 min., 1, 4, 24, 48, and 96 hrs. after injection. Shortly after injection, the radioactivity accumulated in the brain but left it rather rapidly. Different parts of the eye showed a rather specific uptake of radioactivity. The lens of the fetus contained a higher level of radioactivity than that of the mother 3 days after injection. The walls of the large vessels had an affinity for SK7 or its metabolites, and it appears that SK7 passed the blood-brain barrier rather easily but penetrated the placental barrier rather poorly. The bone marrow concentrated the drug or its metabolites for a rather long time. The major excretion routes of the labeled substance (or substances) were the bile and urine.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The chemical properties of alicyclic heterocycles are similar to those of the corresponding chain compounds. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Identification of purines on paper chromatograms, the main research direction is CAFFEINE; PURINES.Quality Control of 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione.

Caffeine (10-20 γ) is detected on paper chromatograms by exposing the spot to Br vapor after locating it under ultraviolet light. The spot is steamed briefly and heated at 110-120°. The rose-pink color which develops is turned reddish purple by exposure to NH3. The Rf value differentiates caffeine from the other compounds giving the reaction: theobromine, theophylline, 1-n-hexyltheobromine, proxyphylline, etophylate, and diprophylline.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 26218-78-0, is researched, Molecular C7H6BrNO2, about Synthesis and biological activities of new HMG-COA synthase inhibitors: 2-oxetanones with a side chain containing biphenyl, terphenyl or phenylpyridine, the main research direction is HMGCoA synthase inhibition 1233A analog; oxetanone isostere preparation HMGCoA synthase inhibition.SDS of cas: 26218-78-0.

A series of 1233A analogs containing biphenylyl, terphenylyl or phenylpyridyl groups in their side chain were synthesized and tested for the inhibitory activities against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) synthase and inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis in the mouse liver. The compounds with an oxetane, cyclobutanone or γ-butyrolactone ring as isosteres of a 2-oxetanone ring were entirely inactive. Among synthetic analogs, anti-4-[3-[2-(5-isopropyl-2-pyridyl)ethyl]phenyl]ethyl-3-hydroxymethyl-2-oxetanone was most active in vitro. The structure-activity relationships on the transformations of 2-oxetanone and its side chain were obtained.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 3066-84-0, is researched, Molecular C5H4BrN5O, about Kinetics of substrate recognition and cleavage by human 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase, the main research direction is oxoguanine DNA glycosylase substrate recognition cleavage kinetics.Reference of 8-Bromoguanine.

Human 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (hOgg1) excises 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) from damaged DNA. The authors report a pre-steady-state kinetic anal. of hOgg1 mechanism using stopped-flow and enzyme fluorescence monitoring. The kinetic scheme for hOgg1 processing an 8-oxoG:C-containing substrate was found to include at least three fast equilibrium steps followed by two slow, irreversible steps and another equilibrium step. The second irreversible step was rate-limiting overall. By comparing data from Ogg1 intrinsic fluorescence traces and from accumulation of products of different types, the irreversible steps were attributed to two main chem. steps of the Ogg1-catalyzed reaction: cleavage of the N-glycosidic bond of the damaged nucleotide and β-elimination of its 3′-phosphate. The fast equilibrium steps were attributed to enzyme conformational changes during the recognition of 8-oxoG, and the final equilibrium, to binding of the reaction product by the enzyme. HOgg1 interacted with a substrate containing an aldehydic AP site very slowly, but the addition of 8-bromoguanine (8-BrG) greatly accelerated the reaction, which was best described by two initial equilibrium steps followed by one irreversible chem. step and a final product release equilibrium step. The irreversible step may correspond to β-elimination since it is the very step facilitated by 8-BrG.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Reference of Methyl 6-bromonicotinate. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: Methyl 6-bromonicotinate, is researched, Molecular C7H6BrNO2, CAS is 26218-78-0, about Palladium catalyzed synthesis of indolizines via the carbonylative coupling of bromopyridines, imines and alkynes.

Authors report herein the development of a palladium-catalyzed, multicomponent synthesis of indolizines. The reaction proceeds via the carbonylative formation of a high energy, mesoionic pyridine-based 1,3-dipole, which can underwent spontaneous cycloaddition with alkynes. Overall, this provides a route to prepare indolizines in a modular fashion from combinations of com. available or easily generated reagents: 2-bromopyridines, imines and alkynes.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem