Tag: M.W:200-300

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Methyl 6-bromonicotinate( cas:26218-78-0 ) is researched.Reference of Methyl 6-bromonicotinate.Wagener, Tobias; Lueckemeier, Lukas; Daniliuc, Constantin G.; Glorius, Frank published the article 《Interrupted pyridine hydrogenation: Asymmetric synthesis of δ-lactams》 about this compound( cas:26218-78-0 ) in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. Keywords: delta lactam preparation oxazolidinone substituted pyridine interrupted hydrogenation; asymmetric catalysis; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrogenation; lactams; nitrogen heterocycles. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:26218-78-0).

Metal-catalyzed hydrogenation is an effective method to transform readily available arenes into saturated motifs, however, current hydrogenation strategies are limited to the formation of C-H and N-H bonds. The stepwise addition of hydrogen yields reactive unsaturated intermediates that are rapidly reduced. In contrast, the interruption of complete hydrogenation by further functionalization of unsaturated intermediates offers great potential for increasing chem. complexity in a single reaction step. Overcoming the tenet of full reduction in arene hydrogenation has been seldom demonstrated. In this work the authors report the synthesis of sought-after, enantioenriched δ-lactams from oxazolidinone-substituted pyridines and water by an interrupted hydrogenation mechanism.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Halogenation of nucleic acids. I. Action of bromine on bases and nucleosides in dimethylformamide medium》. Authors are Duval, J.; Ebel, J. P..The article about the compound:8-Bromoguaninecas:3066-84-0,SMILESS:NC(N1)=NC(NC(Br)=N2)=C2C1=O).Safety of 8-Bromoguanine. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:3066-84-0) is conveyed.

The reaction of Br2 at 0-50° with the purine and pyrimidine bases and their ribonucleosides dissolved in dimethylformamide completely free of moisture gives 5-bromouracil, 5-bromocytosine, 8-bromoguanine, and their corresponding nucleosides in good yield; but adenine and its nucleosides are not brominated. If a small amount of water is present in the reaction mixture, the reaction proceeds further and dibrominated derivatives are formed which do not show uv absorption.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: 8-Bromoguanine( cas:3066-84-0 ) is researched.Application of 3066-84-0.Guerra, Celia Fonseca; van der Wijst, Tushar; Bickelhaupt, F. Matthias published the article 《Substituent Effects on Hydrogen Bonding in Watson-Crick Base Pairs. A Theoretical Study》 about this compound( cas:3066-84-0 ) in Structural Chemistry. Keywords: hydrogen bond Watson Crick nucleic acid base pair; nucleic acid base pair halogen substituent effect hydrogen bond. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:3066-84-0).

We have theor. analyzed Watson-Crick AT and GC base pairs in which purine C8 and/or pyrimidine C6 positions carry a substituent X = H, F, Cl or Br, using the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) of d. functional theory at BP86/TZ2P. The purpose is to study the effects on structure and hydrogen bond strength if X = H is substituted by a halogen atom. Furthermore, we wish to explore the relative importance of electrostatic attraction vs. orbital interaction in the above multiply hydrogen-bonded systems, using a quant. bond energy decomposition scheme. We find that replacing X = H by a halogen atom has relatively small yet characteristic effects on hydrogen bond lengths, strengths and bonding mechanism. In general, it reduces the hydrogen-bond-accepting- and increases the hydrogen-bond-donating capabilities of a DNA base. The orbital interaction component in these hydrogen bonds is found for all substituents (X = H, F, Cl, and Br) to contribute about 41% of the attractive interactions and is thus of the same order of magnitude as the electrostatic component, which provides the remaining 59% of the attraction.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In organic chemistry, atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are generally referred to as heteroatoms. The most common heteroatoms are nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. Now I present to you an article called Irreversible enzyme inhibitors. LXXIII. Inhibitors of guanine deaminase. 1. Mode of binding of guanine, published in 1967, which mentions a compound: 3066-84-0, mainly applied to GUANINE BINDING GUANINE DEAMINASE; SUBSTRATE BINDING GUANINE DEAMINASE; BINDING GUANINE GUANINE DEAMINASE; GUANINE DEAMINASE GUANINE BINDING, HPLC of Formula: 3066-84-0.

cf. preceding abstract Investigation of guanine and 17 related compounds as substrates or inhibitors of guanine deaminase led to a suggested mode of binding of guanine. The 1- and 9-hydrogens of guanine are probably complexed to the enzyme as electron acceptors and the 6-oxo and 7-nitrogen are complexed as electron donors. It appears that the π cloud, as well as the 2-NH2 group of guanine do not complex to the enzyme. It is possible that the 3-nitrogen of guanine as an electron donor is complexed to the enzyme.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 1028-33-7, is researched, SMILESS is CN1C=NC(N(C(N2CCCCCC)=O)C)=C1C2=O, Molecular C13H20N4O2Journal, Article, Pharmazie called Analysis of drug mixtures. VII. Gas chromatographic separation of some xanthine derivatives, Author is Reisch, Johannes; Walker, Hans, the main research direction is XANTHINES GAS CHROMATOG; GAS CHROMATOG XANTHINES; THEOBROMINES GAS CHROMATOG; CAFFEINES GAS CHROMATOG.Formula: C13H20N4O2.

cf. Deut. Apotheker-Ztg. 105, 575(1965); CA 63, 16129g. Such separations were successfully applied with modern apparatus using ballistic or linear temperature programming (PTGC) to the following compounds: caffeine, theobromine (I), theophylline (II), the 7-[2-hydroxyethyl] derivative of II, the 1-[2-hydroxypropyl] derivative of I, the 7-[N-methy-N-hydroxyethyl-3-amino-2-hydroxypropyl] derivative of II, the 7-[2,3-dihydroxypropyl] derivative of II, the 1-allyl derivative of I, the 7-2propynyl derivative of II, the 1-2-propynyl derivative of I, the 1-hexyl derivative of I and 8-chlorotheophylline. On a small scale, the method is used for analysis of tablets, etc., but on a larger scale with appropriate equipment, could be applied to the separation of xanthine derivatives from foods and drugs. Column packing was 1.5% SE30 on Chromosorb W, 6′ × 1/4″” column, injection port 300°, detector 350°, He flow 60 ml./min.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Computed Properties of C13H20N4O2. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Inhibition of platelet adenosine cyclic 3′,5′-monophosphate phosphodiesterases by pentifylline.

Pentifylline (1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine)(I) [1028-33-7] inhibited the soluble and particulate cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase [9036-21-9] from bovine platelets. From dose-response curves the following I50 values were obtained: 2.0 × 10-3M for the soluble enzyme and 8.1 × 10-4M for the particulate enzyme. Noncompetitive inhibition was observed for both phosphodiesterases and the Ki values were 7.6 × 10-4M and 7.4 × 10-4M for the soluble and particulate enzyme, resp. It is concluded that the inhibition of platelet phosphodiesterase is a component of the therapeutic action of pentifylline.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Recommanded Product: 1028-33-7. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, is researched, Molecular C13H20N4O2, CAS is 1028-33-7, about Effects of pentoxifylline, pentifylline and γ-interferon on proliferation, differentiation, and matrix synthesis of human renal fibroblasts. Author is Strutz, Frank; Heeg, Malte; Kochsiek, Tobias; Siemers, Gesa; Zeisberg, Michael; Muller, Gerhard A..

This study analyzed the potential antifibrotic effects of the title substances on human kidney fibroblasts in vitro. Primary renal fibroblasts were established from human kidney biopsies and were studied in addition to two renal fibroblast cell lines. The cells were first growth-arrested by withdrawal of fetal calf serum (FCS) and subsequently stimulated with 10% FCS in the presence of different concentrations of pentoxifylline (PTX), pentifylline (PTF), or γ-interferon (IFN-γ). PTX and PTF caused a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of proliferation in all the fibroblast lines (maximum 78.9% at 500 μg PTX/mL). Conversely, IFN-γ had only modest effects on fibroblast proliferation. Northern blot hybridizations showed that basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 mRNA in fibroblasts was decreased by 73.7 and 91.5% by PTX (1000 μg/mL) and PTF (100 μg/mL), resp., whereas IFN-γ led to a reduction of 46.2% at 1000 U/mL, indicating that the inhibitory effects of all three substances may be mediated through inhibition of FGF-2 synthesis. No change in mRNA for transforming growth factor-1 was noted. Synthesis of cellular and secreted collagen type I was robustly inhibited by PTX and PTF, whereas IFN-γ exerted the strongest inhibitory effect on fibronectin synthesis and secretion. In addition, IFN-γ down-regulated the expression of α-smooth-muscle actin by 73.3% (at 1000 U/mL), whereas PTX and PTF caused a down-regulation of 49.7 and 80.0% (at 1000 and 100 μg/mL), resp. PTF was in all experiments about 10 times more potent than equimolar concentrations of PTX. Thus, PTX and PTF exerted robust inhibitory effects on fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix synthesis, and myofibroblast differentiation. Conversely, IFN-γ caused strong inhibition of fibronectin synthesis and α-smooth-muscle cell actin expression but had only weak inhibitory influences on fibroblast proliferation and collagen type I synthesis. The inhibitory effects of all three substances on proliferation may be mediated through inhibition of FGF-2 synthesis.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 26218-78-0, is researched, SMILESS is C1=NC(=CC=C1C(=O)OC)Br, Molecular C7H6BrNO2Journal, Article, Journal of Organic Chemistry called Reductive couplings of 2-halopyridines without external ligand: phosphine-free nickel-catalyzed synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,2′-bipyridines, Author is Liao, Lian-Yan; Kong, Xing-Rui; Duan, Xin-Fang, the main research direction is bipyridine preparation; halopyridine reductive coupling nickel catalyst.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 6-bromonicotinate.

An unexpectedly facile synthetic approach for sym. and unsym. 2,2′-bipyridines through the Ni-catalyzed reductive couplings of 2-halopyridines was developed. The couplings were efficiently catalyzed by 5 mol % of NiCl2·6H2O without the use of external ligands. A variety of 2,2′-bipyridines including caerulomycin F have been efficiently synthesized.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Effects of xanthine derivatives on cerebral metabolism, published in 1972, which mentions a compound: 1028-33-7, Name is 1-Hexyl-3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione, Molecular C13H20N4O2, Recommanded Product: 1028-33-7.

In rats made hypoxic by exposure to simulated high altitude, the brain was studied electroencephalog. as a model of clin. brain senescence. Contrary to theophylline [58-55-9] and theobromine [83-67-0], 1-hexyl-3,7-dimethylxanthine (I) [1028-33-7] improved the brain nutritional state during hypoxia when injected (25 mg/kg) 20 min prior to exposure. This was due to an increased supply of glucose [50-99-7] to the brain, apparently as a consequence of a direct stimulatory action of I on glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Article, Journal of Organic Chemistry called Phosphine Oxides (-POMe2) for Medicinal Chemistry: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, Author is Stambirskyi, Maksym V.; Kostiuk, Tetiana; Sirobaba, Serhii I.; Rudnichenko, Alexander; Titikaiev, Dmytro L.; Dmytriv, Yurii V.; Kuznietsova, Halyna; Pishel, Iryna; Borysko, Petro; Mykhailiuk, Pavel K., which mentions a compound: 26218-78-0, SMILESS is C1=NC(=CC=C1C(=O)OC)Br, Molecular C7H6BrNO2, Computed Properties of C7H6BrNO2.

A general practical approach to hetero(aromatic) and aliphatic P(O)Me2-substituted derivatives is elaborated. The key synthetic step was a [Pd]-mediated C-P coupling of (hetero)aryl bromides/iodides with HP(O)Me2. The P(O)Me2 substituent was shown to dramatically increase solubility and decrease lipophilicity of organic compounds This tactic was used to improve the solubility of the antihypertensive drug prazosin without affecting its biol. profile.

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Reference:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem