Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Tetrahydrofuran

Burke, Patrick M.; Reynolds, William F.; Tam, Janet C. L.; Yates, Peter published the artcile< The assignment of proton and carbon-13 chemical shifts for dihydro-3(2H)-furanone derivatives by means of specific deuterium labeling experiments and 13C{1H} decoupling experiments>, Product Details of C8H14O2, the main research area is PMR hydrotetramethylfuranone; furanone dihydrotetramethyl carbon NMR; ring cleavage methyldihydrofuranone acid.

The PMR of I(R=Me,R2=H)(II) in 80% H2SO4 shows a time-dependent decrease in the intensity of the lower-field gem-di-Me signal relative to the upper-field gem-di-Me signal. Due to the reversible opening of II to 2-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-4-hexen-3-one which results in D exchange at the C-5 Me groups of II. The lower-field gem-di-Me signal of II in this medium is therefore assigned to these Me groups. A similar relation between the Me proton signals of II in organic solvents is demonstrated by synthesis of I(R=CD3, R1=D), comparison of the PMR and its 2,2- and 5,5-di-Me analogs. and observation of long range coupling in the spectrum of II. Assignment of 13C chem. shifts for II are made based on proton-coupled spectra, showing that the signal of the C-5 Me carbons appears at ∼4 ppm towards lower field than that of the C-2 Me carbons. Both the 1H and 13C chem. shift assignments for II are confirmed from 13C{1H} spectra using low power single frequency 1H decoupling.

Canadian Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Exchange reaction. 5455-94-7 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Product Details of C8H14O2.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Mironenko, Roman M.; Belskaya, Olga B.; Talsi, Valentin P.; Likholobov, Vladimir A. published the artcile< Mechanism of Pd/C-catalyzed hydrogenation of furfural under hydrothermal conditions>, Reference of 97-99-4, the main research area is palladium carbon nanotube catalyst hydrothermal condition furfural hydrogenation mechanism.

Catalytic hydrogenation of furfural under hydrothermal conditions is of great importance and has recently attracted huge attention as an approach to obtaining a wide range of valuable chems. from a renewable source. However, the data concerning the reaction mechanism of aqueous-phase furfural hydrogenation are very scarce, and it is still not clear which reactions lead to various carbonyl compounds, such as cyclopentanone, 4-oxopentanal, 5-hydroxy-2-pentanone. Herein, we present the results of an exptl. study of the mechanism of reactions occurring in the furfural hydrogenation under hydrothermal conditions over the 1% Pd/CNTs catalyst. The following approaches have been used to study the reaction mechanism: hydrogenation of key intermediates formed upon the furfural conversion, and isotopic labeling experiments using D2O as a tracer in hydrogenation of furfural, which provides direct evidence of the occurring reactions. It was found that the furfural hydrogenation process is realized through four pathways including various reductive and acid-catalyzed furan ring opening reactions. The methods and approaches used in the present work, as well as the results obtained, can be useful in studying the mechanism of aqueous-phase hydrogenation of a wide range of oxygen-containing substrates in the presence of catalysts of different compositions

Journal of Catalysis published new progress about Carbon nanotubes (catalyst support). 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Reference of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Corry, Kylie A.; White, Olivia R.; Shearlock, AnnaMarie E.; Moralejo, Daniel H.; Law, Janessa B.; Snyder, Jessica M.; Juul, Sandra E.; Wood, Thomas R. published the artcile< Evaluating Neuroprotective Effects of Uridine, Erythropoietin, and Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Ferret Model of Inflammation-Sensitized Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy>, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is inflammation hypoxia ischemia encephalopathy uridine erythropoietin therapeutic hypothermia neuroprotective; asphyxia; erythropoietin; neonatal; therapeutic hypothermia (TH); uridine.

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury, often in conjunction with an inflammatory insult, is the most common cause of death or disability in neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the standard of care for HI encephalopathy in term and near-term infants. However, TH may not always be available or efficacious, creating a need for novel or adjunctive neurotherapeutics. Using a near-term model of inflammation-sensitized HI brain injury in postnatal day (P) 17 ferrets, animals were randomized to either the control group (n = 43) or the HI-exposed groups: saline vehicle (Veh; n = 42), Ur (uridine monophosphate, n = 23), Epo (erythropoietin, n = 26), or TH (n = 24) to test their resp. therapeutic effects. Motor development was assessed from P21 to P42 followed by anal. of cortical anatomy, ex vivo MRI, and neuropathol. HI animals took longer to complete the motor assessments compared to controls, which was exacerbated in the Ur group. Injury resulted in thinned white matter tracts and narrowed cortical sulci and gyri, which was mitigated in Epo-treated animals in addition to normalization of cortical neuropathol. scores to control levels. TH and Epo treatment also resulted in region-specific improvements in diffusion parameters on ex vivo MRI; however, TH was not robustly neuroprotective in any behavioral or neuropathol. outcome measures. Overall, Ur and TH did not provide meaningful neuroprotection after inflammation-sensitized HI brain injury in the ferret, and Ur appeared to worsen outcomes. By comparison, Epo appears to provide significant, though not complete, neuroprotection in this model.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Basal ganglia. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Ahmed, Alisha; Schriever, Christopher; Britt, Nicholas; Yager, Jenna; Amin, Ronish; McGuey, Liam; Patel, Nimish published the artcile< Comparing drug interaction frequencies of various hepatitis C treatment regimens among monoinfected patients>, COA of Formula: C9H13N2O9P, the main research area is Antiviral; Medications; Pharmacoepidemiology; Safety.

Introduction and Objectives: Four regimens are recommended for treating hepatitis C (HCV) genotype 1 infection. Study aims were to (1) compare frequencies of contraindicated drug interactions (XDDIs) when each HCV regimen is added to medication profiles of HCV-monoinfected patients, (2) quantify the proportion of patients with XDDIs to all four regimens and (3) determine covariates independently associated with having a XDDI to all four regimens. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed within Upstate New York Veterans Healthcare Administration. Inclusion criteria: (1) age ≥18 years, (2) HCV monoinfection and (3) available medication list. Data extracted were: demographics, comorbidities, and medication list. Primary outcome was XDDIs involving patient’s home medications and each HCV regimen. University of Liverpool drug interaction website was used to define XDDIs. Two-way comparisons of regimens were performed using McNemar’s test where p < 0.0083 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine predictors. Results: Of the 4047 subjects, mean ± standard deviation age was 59.8 ± 7.6. Median (interquartile range) number of medications used was 7 [4-11]. Frequencies of XDDIs after the addition of each regimen ranged from 2.8% to 17.8% and were mostly statistically different from one another. There were 95 (2.3%) patients with XDDIs to all four regimens. Predictors of having XDDIs to all four regimens were ≥6 medications and HCV infection ≥10 years. Conclusion: The frequencies of XDDIs varied between HCV regimens. Number of medications and duration of HCV infection were predictors of having XDDIs to all four regimens. Annals of Hepatology published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, COA of Formula: C9H13N2O9P.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Ahn, Woo-Chan; Aroli, Shashanka; Kim, Jin-Hahn; Moon, Jeong Hee; Lee, Ga Seal; Lee, Min-Ho; Sang, Pau Biak; Oh, Byung-Ha; Varshney, Umesh; Woo, Eui-Jeon published the artcile< Covalent binding of uracil DNA glycosylase UdgX to abasic DNA upon uracil excision>, Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is covalent binding uracil DNA glycosylase udgx abasic upon excision.

Uracil DNA glycosylases (UDGs) are important DNA repair enzymes that excise uracil from DNA, yielding an abasic site. Recently, UdgX, an unconventional UDG with extremely tight binding to DNA containing uracil, was discovered. The structure of UdgX from Mycobacterium smegmatis in complex with DNA shows an overall similarity to that of family 4 UDGs except for a protruding loop at the entrance of the uracil-binding pocket. Surprisingly, H109 in the loop was found to make a covalent bond to the abasic site to form a stable intermediate, while the excised uracil remained in the pocket of the active site. H109 functions as a nucleophile to attack the oxocarbenium ion, substituting for the catalytic water mol. found in other UDGs. To our knowledge, this change from a catalytic water attack to a direct nucleophilic attack by the histidine residue is unprecedented. UdgX utilizes a unique mechanism of protecting cytotoxic abasic sites from exposure to the cellular environment.

Nature Chemical Biology published new progress about Enzyme functional sites, active. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Zhang, Qian; Zhou, Dong-Dong; Li, Fan; Wang, Yin-Zhen; Yang, Feng-Qing published the artcile< Extraction of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides by employing a magnetized graphene oxide functionalized with hydrophilic phytic acid and titanium(IV) ions>, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is nucleobase nucleoside nucleotide graphene oxide phytic acid titanium ion; Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography; Immobilized metal ion chromatography; Magnetic solid phase extraction; Nucleobase-based compounds.

A magnetite@graphene oxide nanocomposite was first coated with polyethylenimine and then modified with phytic acid and titanium(IV) ions. The high loading with Ti(IV) and the good hydrophilicity of PEI and PA result in a material that can be applied to the efficient extraction of highly polar nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides. The physicochem. properties of the composite were investigated by SEM, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, water contact angle measurements, thermogravimetric anal., and vibrating sample magnetometry. A series of parameters that affect extraction and elution under the conditions of immobilized metal affinity chromatog. and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. were examined The analytes were eluted from the nanocomposites using 10 mM trisodium phosphate as the elution solution in the IMAC mode, and 50% methanol-water as elution solution in the HILIC mode. Figures of merit include (a) an intra-day precision of 0.1-1.0% in the IMAC mode; (b) an intra-day precision of 0.4%-0.8% in the HILIC mode; (c) detection limits between 1.8-2.8 ng mL-1 in the IMAC mode; and (d) detection limits of 4.0-10.5 ng mL-1 in the HILIC mode. The method was applied to the extraction of the nucleotides cytidine-5′-monophosphate, uridine-5′-monophosphate, guanosine-5′-monophosphate, and adenosine-5′-monophosphate, and the nucleobases and nucleosides hypoxanthine, adenosine, cytosine, inosine and cytidine from Cordyceps sinensis, Lentinus edodes and plasma samples.

Microchimica Acta published new progress about Blood plasma. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Boerekamps, Anne; Vanwolleghem, Thomas; van der Valk, Marc; van den Berk, Guido E.; van Kasteren, Marjo; Posthouwer, Dirk; Dofferhoff, Anthonius S. M.; van Hoek, Bart; Ramsoekh, Dewkoemar; Koopsen, Jelle; Schinkel, Janke; Florence, Eric; Arends, Joop E.; Rijnders, Bart J. published the artcile< 8 weeks of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir is effective in DAA-naive non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 4 infected patients (HEPNED-001 study)>, HPLC of Formula: 58-97-9, the main research area is review HIV HCV genotype sofosbuvir ledipasvir.

A review. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 8 wk sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) for genotype 4 HCV-infected DAA-naive HIV-pos. and neg. patients without cirrhosis. The primary outcome was SVR in the on-treatment study population, defined as an HCV RNA below the limit of detection 12 wk after the end of therapy in all patients that had completed the 8-wk treatment course of therapy and had an HCV RNA measurement ≥12 wk after the end of therapy. The study showed that 8 wk of SOF/LDV could be an effective therapy for non-cirrhotic HCV genotype 4 infected patients with an HCV RNA load ≤10 million IU/mL and is the first to evaluate the efficacy of 8 wk of SOF/LDV in a substantial number of HIV-coinfected patients.

Journal of Hepatology published new progress about Antiviral agents (Direct-acting). 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, HPLC of Formula: 58-97-9.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Matsagar, Babasaheb M.; Hsu, Chang-Yen; Chen, Season S.; Ahamad, Tansir; Alshehri, Saad M.; Tsang, Daniel C. W.; Wu, Kevin C.-W. published the artcile< Selective hydrogenation of furfural to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol over a Rh-loaded carbon catalyst in aqueous solution under mild conditions>, SDS of cas: 97-99-4, the main research area is rhodium carbon catalyst furfural hydrogenation tetrahydrofurfuryl alc aqueous solution.

We describe the selective hydrogenation of furfural (FAL) into tetrahydrofurfuryl alc. (THFA) under mild conditions (30°C) in aqueous media using an Rh-loaded carbon (Rh/C) catalyst in a one-pot fashion. In FAL hydrogenation, the Rh/C catalyst showed a high THFA yield (92%) with 93% selectivity in aqueous media within 12 h, whereas the use of a dimethylacetamide (DMA) solvent system resulted in a 95% THFA yield within 32 h at 30°C. The study of the effect of the solvent on FAL hydrogenation reveals that polar solvents showed higher THFA yields than a toluene solvent. The Rh/C catalyst used in this study exhibited higher activity compared to Ru/C, Pd/C, Ni/C derived from Ni-based metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF), and Ni-loaded carbon black (Ni/CB) catalysts in FAL-to-THFA hydrogenation. The Rh/C catalyst is characterized in detail using various characterization techniques such as TEM, XRD, N2-adsorption-desorption, XPS, and ICP-OES to understand its physicochem. properties. The Rh/C catalyst shows similar high THFA yields in the recycling experiment of FAL hydrogenation under ambient conditions.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Adsorption. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, SDS of cas: 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Smejkal, Tomas; Gopalsamuthiram, Vijayagopal; Ghorai, Sujit K.; Jawalekar, Anup M.; Pagar, Dinesh; Sawant, Krishna; Subramanian, Srinivas; Dallimore, Jonathan; Willetts, Nigel; Scutt, James N.; Whalley, Louisa; Hotson, Matthew; Hogan, Anne-Marie; Hodges, George published the artcile< Optimization of Manganese Coupling Reaction for Kilogram-Scale Preparation of Two Aryl-1,3-dione Building Blocks>, Recommanded Product: 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyldihydrofuran-3(2H)-one, the main research area is manganese catalysis coupling reaction aryl dione building block preparation.

Aryl-1,3-diones represent a promising new class of herbicidal acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors. The original synthesis of this structural motif employed in the research phase involved a selenium oxide mediated oxidation, the use of diazoacetate and aryl lead reagents, and a low temperature oxidation of an aryl lithium intermediate, so it was not well suited to large scale synthesis. For kilogram scale synthesis of the two aryl-1,3-dione building blocks I [R = Me, Et], we developed an alternative route which employs a manganese or manganese-copper catalyzed alkyl Grignard coupling and a semi-pinacol rearrangement of an epoxide as the key steps. The optimized conditions could be of general interest as scalable methods for the synthesis of 2-alkyl substituted benzaldehydes and of 2-aryl-1,3-diones.

Organic Process Research & Development published new progress about Coupling reaction. 5455-94-7 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Recommanded Product: 2,2,5,5-Tetramethyldihydrofuran-3(2H)-one.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Sanchez, Vladimir; Salagre, Pilar; Gonzalez, Maria Dolores; Llorca, Jordi; Cesteros, Yolanda published the artcile< Effect of the formation of NiCu alloy and use of biomass-derived furfural on the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural to THFA>, Product Details of C5H10O2, the main research area is tetrahydrofurfuryl alc furfural nickel copper alloy catalytic hydrogenation biomass.

Several Ni, Cu and Ni-Cu catalysts supported on mesoporous hectorite were prepared, characterized and tested for the hydrogenation of com. furfural to obtain tetrahydrofurfuryl alc. (THFA). The highest selectivity to THFA (95%) for a total conversion was achieved with the Ni-Cu catalyst prepared with a Ni:Cu molar ratio of 1:1 after 4 h of reaction. This can be explained by the formation of NiCu alloy in high amounts for this sample (88%), as detected by XRD. The lower selectivity to THFA obtained with other bimetallic catalysts prepared with Ni:Cu molar ratios of 6:1 and 1:6 were attributed to the lower percentage of NiCu alloy together with the lowest Ni richness of the NiCu alloy. Addnl., the best catalyst resulted in a yield to THFA of 90%, in the toluene phase, and 80% in the aqueous neutralized phase, when using a biomass extract of furfural obtained from almond shells instead of com. furfural. After several reuses of the catalyst employed in the toluene phase, some decrease of THFA was observed due to the increase of the crystallite size of the Cu phase, as observed by XRD, that should decorate the active NiCu alloy particles.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Biomass. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Product Details of C5H10O2.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem