Heterocyclic Building Blocks-Tetrahydrofuran

Ito, Yasuhiro; Hirokawa, Mitsuyoshi; Hayashi, Toshitetsu; Kihara, Minoru; Onoda, Naoyoshi; Miya, Akihiro; Miyauchi, Akira published the artcile< Clinical outcomes of follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential of the thyroid: real-world data.>, HPLC of Formula: 58-97-9, the main research area is Follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential; Prognosis; Thyroid.

Thyroid tumors arising from follicular cells can generally be divided into malignant and benign tumors. However, some cases are difficult to clearly diagnose whether they are benign or malignant. Therefore, in the most recent version of World Health Organization (WHO) classification, some borderline lesions such as follicular tumor of uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP), well-differentiated tumor of uncertain malignant potential (WDT-UMP), and noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) were proposed. In this study, we investigated the clinical aspects, including the prognosis, of FT-UMP patients. We investigated the clinical features of 339 patients with FT-UMP. On ultrasound, 68% of the tumors were diagnosed as intermediate, and only 5% of those tumors were diagnosed as malignant. On cytology, 40% of the tumors were diagnosed as follicular neoplasm, and only 1% of these were suspected to be or diagnosed as malignancy. The diagnosis was based on questionable capsular invasion for 332 patients, questionable vascular invasion for 2 patients, and both for 5 patients. Eighty-six percent of the tumors showed low cell proliferation activity. To date, five patients (1%) have shown distant recurrence during postoperative follow-up and underwent various treatments such as radioactive iodine therapy, orthopedic surgery, and denosumab injection. None of these patients have died due to thyroid carcinoma. Our findings suggest that FT-UMP is generally an indolent disease, but some patients show distant recurrence. Physicians should carefully follow patients, although it remains unknown how long they should be observed after surgery.

Endocrine journal published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, HPLC of Formula: 58-97-9.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Elbedewy, Tamer A; Abd-Elsalam, Sherief; Mostafa, Sahar Mohamed; Abdellatif, Raghda Samir; Fouad, Amina; Youssef, Mona; Abo-Amer, Yousry Esam-Eldin; Elsebaey, Mohamed A published the artcile< Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in Adult Patients with β- Thalassemia Major: A Real-Life Study.>, Reference of 58-97-9, the main research area is HCV; blood diseases; chronic liver disease; cirrhosis; sofosbuvir/ledipasvir; β- Thalassemia major.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Patients with thalassemia have a lifelong need for blood transfusion, which makes them more risky to hepatitis C virus (HCV). Iron overload and chronic HCV are considered risk factors for patients with thalassemia to develop liver insults. The aim of the present study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir in the treatment of chronic HCV infection in Egyptian adult patients with β- thalassemia major. METHODS: A retrospective study included 53 patients with β-thalassemia major with chronic HCV treated with sofosbuvir (400 mg) and ledipasvir (90 mg) as a single pill fixed-dose combination once daily for 12 weeks. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed by the sustained virologic response (SVR) at 12 weeks after the end of the treatment. RESULTS: SVR was achieved in 96.23% of patients. 47.17% of patients had minor side effects. There was a significant reduction in ALT, AST, and serum ferritin 12 weeks post-therapy. There was an insignificant change in hemoglobin level or blood transfusion requirement 12 weeks posttherapy. There was no change in iron chelators doses throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: Sofosbuvir/ledipasvir regimen seems to be safe and highly effective in the treatment of chronic HCV in patients with β-thalassemia major.

Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Reference of 58-97-9.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

El-Araby, Hanaa A; Behairy, Behairy E; El-Guindi, Mohamed A; Adawy, Nermin M; Allam, Alif A; Sira, Ahmad M; Khedr, Mohamed A; Elhenawy, Ibrahim A; Sobhy, Gihan A; Basiouny, Hosam El Din M; Salem, Menan E; Abdel-Aziz, Samira A; Fouad, Ola A; Ayoub, Bassam A published the artcile< Generic sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C in Egyptian children (9-12 years) and adolescents.>, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is Children; Hepatitis C virus; Ledipasvir; Sofosbuvir.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Worldwide and national efforts are directed against eradication of HCV. The introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has changed dramatically the outcome of HCV treatment. In spite of the Food and Drug Administration approval of the oral drugs sofosbuvir (SOF) and ledipasvir (LED) for the treatment of HCV in adolescents more than or equal to 12 years old, sufficient real-world experience is still lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the generic SOF/LED fixed-dose combination 400/90 (400 mg SOF + 90 mg LED) for the treatment of adolescents and children (9-12 years) with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 100 cases of genotype 4 CHC were recruited consecutively from those fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All cases received the generic fixed-dose combination SOF/LED (400/90), one tablet daily for 12 weeks. All clinical, laboratory, and virologic characteristics were evaluated at base line, and week (W) 2, 4, 8, and 12 of therapy and W12 post-treatment (SVR12). RESULTS: Recruited children (9-12) and adolescents weighed 28-83 and 31-90 kg, respectively. Eighty cases were naïve and 20 cases were pegylated interferon/ribavirin treatment-experienced. Very rapid virologic response (vRVR) at W2 was 96%, while at W4 response rate was 100% and maintained till the end of treatment and at W12 post-treatment (SVR12). All reported side effects were mild and did not lead to treatment termination and disappeared at W12 post-treatment. CONCLUSION: The generic SOF/LED fixed-dose combination is safe and effective in children, 9-12 years, and adolescents with vRVR rate of 96%, 100% EOT response and SVR12.

Hepatology international published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Li, Dandan; Wang, Chengyang; Ma, Shengqi; Zhou, Hongwei; Lu, Ran published the artcile< Preparation and characterization of soluble heat-resistant polyimide films containing bis-N-phenyl-benzimidazole>, Related Products of 4415-87-6, the main research area is polybenzimidazole imide heat resistant film thermomech property.

To prepare soluble polyimides with high temperature resistance, two new diamine monomers, namely, 2,2′-(4,4′-oxybisphenylene)-bis(1-phenyl-5-aminobenzimidazole) (5a), and 2,2′-(4,4′-hexafluoroisopropylidene)-bis(1-phenyl-5- aminobenzimidazole) (5b), were synthesized and exploited to prepare three series of poly(benzimidazole imides)s (PBIIs) by a conventional two-stage synthesis. The resulting PI films were flexible and tough, possessing high glass-transition temperatures (Tgs = 311°C-390°C), improved optical transparency, and excellent solubility Moreover, the effect of different configuration on performance was revealed, and these data provided a feasible method to enhance both Tg and solubility of PIs by incorporating N-Ph benzimidazole and corresponding functional moieties.

High Performance Polymers published new progress about Complex modulus, tan δ. 4415-87-6 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H4O6, Related Products of 4415-87-6.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Dai, Kun; Peng, Xiaoqiang; Zhuang, Wei; Yang, Pengpeng; Jiao, Pengfei; Wu, Jinglan; Ying, Hanjie published the artcile< Mass transfer process and separation mechanism of four 5′-ribonucleotides on a strong acid cation exchange resin>, Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is 5′-ribonucleotides; Homogeneous surface diffusion model; Ion exchange chromatography; Mass transfer process; Physical adsorption; Separation mechanism.

5′-ribonucleotides including AMP (AMP), cytidine 5′-monophsphate (CMP), GMP (GMP) and UMP (UMP) have been widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. This work focused on the assessment of mass transfer process and separation mechanism of four 5′-ribonucleotides and counter-ion Na+ on the strong cation exchange resin NH-1. The intraparticle diffusion was determined as the rate-limiting step for the mass transfer of AMP, CMP, GMP, and Na+ on the resin NH-1 through the Boyd model. Meanwhile, a homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) combing ion exchange and phys. adsorption was proposed and tested against adsorption kinetic data in the batch adsorption systems. The fixed-bed film-surface diffusion model based on the HSDM was then developed and successfully predicted the concentration profiles of 5′-ribonucleotides and the change of pH at the outlet of the fixed-bed in the dynamic adsorption and separation process. Finally, the separation mechanism of 5′-ribonucleotides was presented combining model prediction and exptl. results. The separation of UMP, GMP and CMP were mainly based on their differences in isoelec. points, while that of AMP and CMP were lied with the discrepancy of their phys. adsorption binding capacity with the resin NH-1.

Journal of Chromatography A published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Lan, Jingmin; Liu, Peiwen; Fu, Ping; Liu, Xiaoling; Xie, Menglin; Jiang, Shi; Wen, Haimeng; Zhou, Yu; Wang, Jun published the artcile< Palladium confined in pure-silica TON zeolite for furfuryl alcohol hydrogenation into tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol>, Formula: C5H10O2, the main research area is furfuryl alc hydrogenation palladium silica zeolite.

Fabrication of robust noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) usually suffers from instability due to the large surface energy of small particles. Herein, highly dispersive Pd nanoparticles (average size: ∼3 nm) with controllable content were directly encapsulated within pure silica zeolite matrix with TON topol. via a dry gel conversion pathway, in which 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxysilane were utilized as the structure-directing agent and metal stabilizer, resp. High crystallinity and large surface area were reached over this Pd containing zeolites. The champion catalyst Pd-Si-ZSM-22 effectively catalyzed the transformation of furfuryl alc. into tetrahydrofurfuryl alc. via hydrogenation by using H2. High conversion (>99%) and selectivity (>99%) were reached with large turnover numbers and the stable activity was observable during the recycling test. The comparison with the post-impregnated counterpart indicates that the straightforward synthesis is favorable for the construction of stable and robust Pd species within the confined microchannels of TON zeolites.

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials published new progress about Crystallinity. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Formula: C5H10O2.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Hassenkam, Tue; Deamer, David published the artcile< Visualizing RNA polymers produced by hot wet-dry cycling>, SDS of cas: 58-97-9, the main research area is RNA polymers hot wet dry cycling.

It is possible that the transition from abiotic systems to life relied on RNA polymers that served as ribozyme-like catalysts and for storing genetic information. The source of such polymers is uncertain, but previous investigations reported that wet-dry cycles simulating prebiotic hot springs provide sufficient energy to drive condensation reactions of mononucleotides to form oligomers and polymers. The aim of the study reported here was to verify this claim and visualize the products prepared from solutions composed of single mononucleotides and 1:1 mixture of two mononucleotides. Therefore, we designed experiments that allowed comparisons of all such mixtures representing six combinations of the four mononucleotides of RNA. We observed irregular stringy patches and crystal strands when wet-dry cycling was performed at room temperature (20°C). However, when the same solutions were exposed to wet-dry cycles at 80°C, we observed what appeared to be true polymers. Their thickness was consistent with RNA-like products composed of covalently bonded monomers, while irregular strings and crystal segments of mononucleotides dried or cycled at room temperature were consistent with structures assembled and stabilized by weak hydrogen bonds. In a few instances we observed rings with short polymer attachments. These observations are consistent with previous claims of polymerization during wet-dry cycling. We conclude that RNA-like polymers and rings could have been synthesized non-enzymically in freshwater hot springs on the prebiotic Earth with sizes sufficient to fold into ribozymes and genetic mols. required for life to begin.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Crystallinity. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, SDS of cas: 58-97-9.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Chung, Sang J.; Chung, Suhman; Lee, Hyun Soo; Kim, Eun-Jung; Oh, Kyung Seok; Choi, Hyuk Soon; Kim, Kwang S.; Kim, Yeoun Jin; Hahn, Jong Hoon; Kim, Dong H. published the artcile< Mechanistic Insight into the Inactivation of Carboxypeptidase A by α-Benzyl-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidine-4-acetic Acid, a Novel Type of Irreversible Inhibitor for Carboxypeptidase A with No Stereospecificity>, Category: tetrahydrofurans, the main research area is carboxypeptidase A inactivation oxazolidine derivative.

On the basis of the active site topol. and enzymic catalytic mechanism of carboxypeptidase A (CPA), a prototypical zinc-containing proteolytic enzyme, α-benzyl-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidine-4-acetic acid (1), was designed as a novel type of mechanism-based inactivator of the enzyme. All four possible stereoisomers of the inhibitor were synthesized in an enantiomerically pure form starting with optically active aspartic acid, and their CPA inhibitory activities were evaluated to find that surprisingly all of the four stereoisomers inhibit CPA in a time dependent manner. The inhibited enzyme did not regain its enzymic activity upon dialysis. The inactivations were prevented by 2-benzylsuccinic acid, a competitive inhibitor that is known to bind the active site of the enzyme. These kinetic results strongly support that the inactivators attach covalently to the enzyme at the active site. The anal. of ESI mass spectral data of the inactivated CPA ascertained the conclusion from the kinetic results. The values of second-order inhibitory rate constants (kobs/[I]o) fall in the range of 1.7-3.6 M-1 min-1. The lack of stereospecificity shown in the inactivation led us to propose that the ring cleavage occurs by the nucleophilic attack at the 2-position rather than at the 5-position and the ring opening takes place in an addition-elimination mechanism. The tetrahedral transition state that would be generated in this pathway is thought to be stabilized by the active site zinc ion, which was supported by the PM3 semiempirical calculations In addition, α-benzyl-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidine-5-acetic acid (18), a structural isomer of 1 was also found to inactivate CPA in an irreversible manner, reinforcing the nucleophilic addition-elimination mechanism. The present study demonstrates that the transition state for the inactivation pathway plays a critical role in determining stereochem. of the inactivation.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Enzyme inhibition kinetics. 137105-97-6 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H15NO4, Category: tetrahydrofurans.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Henschel, Henning; Andersson, Alfred T.; Jespers, Willem; Mehdi Ghahremanpour, Mohammad; van der Spoel, David published the artcile< Theoretical Infrared Spectra: Quantitative Similarity Measures and Force Fields>, Electric Literature of 97-99-4, the main research area is IR spectrum similarity force field database.

IR spectroscopy can provide significant insight into the structures and dynamics of mols. of all sizes. The information that is contained in the spectrum is, however, often not easily extracted without the aid of theor. calculations or simulations. We present here the calculation of the IR spectra of a database of 703 gas phase compounds with four different force fields (CGenFF, GAFF-BCC, GAFF-ESP, and OPLS) using normal-mode anal. Modern force fields increasingly use virtual sites to describe, e.g., lone-pair electrons or the σ-holes on halogen atoms. This requires some adaptation of code to perform normal-mode anal. of such compounds,the implementation of which into the GROMACS software is briefly described as well. For the quant. comparison of the obtained spectra with exptl. reference data, we discuss the application of two different statistical correlation coefficients, Pearson and Spearman. The advantages and drawbacks of the different methods of comparison are discussed, and we find that both methods of comparison give the same overall picture, showing that present force field methods cannot match the performance of quantum chem. methods for the calculation of IR spectra.

Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation published new progress about Alcohols Role: PRP (Properties). 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Electric Literature of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Nam, Ki-Ho; Jin, Jeong-un; Lee, Dong Hoon; Han, Haksoo; Goh, Munju; Yu, Jaesang; Ku, Bon-Cheol; You, Nam-Ho published the artcile< Towards solution-processable, thermally robust, transparent polyimide-chain-end tethered organosilicate nanohybrids>, Formula: C8H4O6, the main research area is polyimide nanohybrid optical elec thermal property.

The main challenge to developing future display substrates is to synthesize flexible substrate materials that also have excellent optical and thermal properties, and low thermal expansion number In this study, a novel trifluoromethylated asym. aromatic diamine, 4-[[4-(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]sulfonyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)]benzenamine (AFPSFB), was synthesized through nucleophilic substitution. Conventional two-step polycondensation of AFPSFB with com. available tetracarboxylic dianhydrides enabled the fabrication of fully or semi-aromatic polyimides (PIs). The resulting PIs were highly soluble in polar aprotic solvents with good optical and thermal properties. Next, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing an amine group (NH2-POSS) was reacted with the resulting soluble PI. All the PI-POSS nanohybrids displayed excellent optical properties, including high transparency (>91% at 400 nm), low refractive index (<1.5589), and very small birefringence (<0.0025 at 637 nm). End-capping of the POSS and chem. bonding between the POSS and PIs significantly enhanced the thermal and elec. properties. The results provide useful information for designing mol. architectures for manufacturing high-performance flexible substrates in future display devices. Composites, Part B: Engineering published new progress about Additive polymerization. 4415-87-6 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H4O6, Formula: C8H4O6.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem