Category: Tetrahydrofurans

Radley, Andrew; de Bruin, Marijn; Inglis, Sarah K; Donnan, Peter T; Hapca, Adrian; Barclay, Stephen T; Fraser, Andrew; Dillon, John F published the artcile< Clinical effectiveness of pharmacist-led versus conventionally delivered antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus in patients receiving opioid substitution therapy: a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial.>, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is .

BACKGROUND: Highly effective direct-acting antiviral drugs provide the opportunity to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but established pathways can be ineffective. We aimed to examine whether a community pharmacy care pathway increased treatment uptake, treatment completion, and cure rates for people receiving opioid substitution therapy, compared with conventional care. METHODS: This cluster-randomised trial was done in Scottish community pharmacies. Before participants were recruited, pharmacies were randomly assigned (1:1) to refer patients with evidence of HCV antibodies to conventional care or offered them care in the pharmacy (pharmacist-led care). Pharmacies were stratified by location. All pharmacies were trained to offer dried blood spot testing. All eligible participants had received opioid substitution therapy for approximately 3 months, and those eligible to receive treatment in the pharmacist-led care pathway were HCV PCR positive, were infected with HCV genotype 1 or 3, and were willing to have a pharmacist supervise their antiviral drug administration. Neither pharmacists nor patients were masked to treatment allocation. In both groups, assessment blood samples were taken, infection with HCV was confirmed, and daily oral ledipasvir-sofosbuvir (90 mg ledipasivir plus 400 mg sofosbuvir) for 8 weeks for genotype 1 or daily oral sofosbuvir (400 mg) plus oral daclatasvir (60 mg) for 12 weeks for genotype 3 was prescribed by a nurse (conventional care group) or pharmacist (pharmacist-led care group). In the conventional care group, the patient received care at a treatment centre. Once prescribed, medication in both groups was delivered as daily modified directly observed therapy alongside opioid substitution therapy in the participants’ pharmacy where treatment was observed on 6 days per week. The primary outcome was the number of patients with sustained virological response 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12) as a proportion of the number of people receiving opioid substitution therapy at participating pharmacies. Participants were monitored at each visit for nausea and fatigue; other adverse events were recorded as free text. Secondary outcomes compared key points on treatment pathway between the two groups. These key points were the proportion of patients having dry blood spot testing, the proportion of patients initiating HCV treatment, the proportion of patients completing the 8 or 12 week HCV course of treatment, and the proportion of patients with sustained virological response at 12 months. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02706223. FINDINGS: 56 pharmacies were randomly assigned (28 to each group; one pharmacy withdrew from the conventional care group). The 55 participating pharmacies included 2718 patients receiving opioid substitution therapy (1365 in the pharmacist-led care group and 1353 in the conventional care group). More patients met the primary endpoint of SVR12 in the pharmacist-led care group (98 [7%] of 1365) than in the conventional care group (43 [3%] of 1353; odds ratio 2·375, 95% CI 1·555-3·628, p<0·0001). More users of opioid substitution therapy in the pharmacist-led care group versus the conventional care group agreed to dry blood spot testing (245 [18%] of 1365 vs 145 [11%] of 1353, 2·292, 0·968-5·427, p=0·059); initiated treatment (112 [8%] of 1365 vs 61 [4%] of 1353, 1·889, 1·276-2·789, p=0·0015) and completed treatment (108 [8%] of 1365 vs 58 [4%] of 1353, 1·928, 1·321-2·813, p=0·0007). The data for sustained virological response at 12 months are not reported in this study: patients remain in follow-up for this outcome. No serious adverse events were recorded. INTERPRETATION: Using pharmacists to deliver an HCV care pathway made testing and treatment more accessible for patients, improved engagement, and maintained high treatment success rates. The use of this pathway could be a key part of an integrated and effective approach to HCV elimination at a community level. FUNDING: Partnership between the Scottish Government, Gilead Sciences, and Bristol-Myers Squib. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology published new progress about 58-97-9. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Recommanded Product: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Jurutka, Peter W.; Kaneko, Ichiro; Yang, Joanna; Bhogal, Jaskaran S.; Swierski, Johnathon C.; Tabacaru, Christa R.; Montano, Luis A.; Huynh, Chanh C.; Jama, Rabia A.; Mahelona, Ryan D.; Sarnowski, Joseph T.; Marcus, Lisa M.; Quezada, Alexis; Lemming, Brittney; Tedesco, Maria A.; Fischer, Audra J.; Mohamed, Said A.; Ziller, Joseph W.; Ma, Ning; Gray, Geoffrey M.; van der Vaart, Arjan; Marshall, Pamela A.; Wagner, Carl E. published the artcile< Modeling, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Potential Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) Selective Agonists: Novel Analogues of 4-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-Pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)ethynyl|benzoic Acid (Bexarotene) and (E)-3-(3-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,4,4,6-pentamethylnaphthalen-7-yl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic Acid (CD3254)>, Electric Literature of 5455-94-7, the main research area is bexarotene methylnaphthylhydroxyphenylacrylic acid preparation retinoic X receptor agonist; structure bexarotene methylnaphthylhydroxyphenylacrylate analog retinoid X receptor agonist activity; mutagenicity vitamin D3 receptor agonism apoptosis bexarotene analog; antitumor activity bexarotene methylnaphthylhydroxyphenylacrylic acid RXR agonist analog; methylnaphthylcyclopropyl pyrimidinecarboxylic acid mol crystal structure.

Analogs of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists bexarotene I (X = CH) and of pentamethylnaphthylhydroxyphenylacrylic acid II such as I (X = N) were prepared as potential antitumor agents and tested for their abilities to act as RXR agonists, to initiate apoptosis in human cancer cells, to modulate transcription mediated by the vitamin D3 receptor, and their mutagenicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Seven of the compounds including I (X = N) stimulate RXR-regulated transcription in mammalian two-hybrid and RXRE-mediated assays, possessed comparable or elevated biol. activity based on EC50 profiles, and retained similar or improved apoptotic activity in CTCL assays compared to bexarotene. The novel compounds demonstrated selectivity for RXR and minimal crossover onto the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) compared to all-trans-retinoic acid, with select analogs also reducing inhibition of other RXR-dependent pathways (e.g., VDR-RXR). The structure of a pentamethylnaphthylcyclopropyl pyrimidinecarboxylic acid RXR agonist was determined by X-ray crystallog.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antitumor agents. 5455-94-7 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Electric Literature of 5455-94-7.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Mironenko, Roman M.; Belskaya, Olga B.; Likholobov, Vladimir A. published the artcile< Approaches to the synthesis of Pd/C catalysts with controllable activity and selectivity in hydrogenation reactions>, Quality Control of 97-99-4, the main research area is review palladium carbon hydrogenation catalyst.

A review. C-supported Pd catalysts are widely used for hydrogenation of various organic compounds in the fine chem. industry. The nanoscale geometry and electronic structure of supported Pd nanoparticles play a crucial role in providing the necessary catalytic properties. To improve catalytic activity and selectivity of Pd nanoparticles, it is possible to fine tune their intrinsic properties (e.g., size and oxidation state) by controlling the chem. transformations at different stages of catalyst preparation Recent years have seen considerable advancement in developing new catalyst preparation techniques as well as in understanding the mechanism of active site formation. This review summarizes some of the existing approaches to regulating the catalytic properties of C-supported Pd by variation of the C support, the composition of Pd precursor and its reduction conditions, as well as the addition of a 2nd active metal. The data presented may be useful for researchers developing efficient Pd/C catalysts for hydrogenation of polyfunctional organic compounds

Catalysis Today published new progress about Carbon nanofibers Role: CAT (Catalyst Use), NAN (Nanomaterial), PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PRP (Properties), TEM (Technical or Engineered Material Use), USES (Uses), PROC (Process). 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Quality Control of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Deng, Qiang; Gao, Rui; Li, Xiang; Wang, Jun; Zeng, Zheling; Zou, Ji-Jun; Deng, Shuguang published the artcile< Hydrogenative Ring-Rearrangement of Biobased Furanic Aldehydes to Cyclopentanone Compounds over Pd/Pyrochlore by Introducing Oxygen Vacancies>, Application In Synthesis of 97-99-4, the main research area is hydrogenative ring rearrangement biobased furanic aldehyde cyclopentanone.

Upgrading furanic aldehydes (such as furfural or 5-hydroxymethyl furfural) to cyclopentanone compounds (such as cyclopentanone or 3-hydroxymethyl cyclopentanone) is of great significance for the synthesis of high-value chems. and biomass utilization. Developing an efficient reduced metal/acidic support with Lewis acidity is the key to facilitating the carbonyl hydrogenation and hydrolysis steps in the hydrogenative ring-rearrangement reaction. Herein, three pure Lewis acidic pyrochlore supports of the form A2B2O7 (La2Sn2O7, Y2Sn2O7, and Y2(Sn0.7Ce0.3)2O7-δ) with the same crystal structures and different metals are synthesized. The Lewis acidity and the surface properties of the pyrochlore can be tuned by inserting different kinds of A and B site metals. After impregnation, Pd nanoparticles with appropriate particle sizes are uniformly loaded on the surface of pyrochlore. For the reaction of the furanic aldehydes, all of these pyrochlore-based catalysts exhibit hydrogenation and hydrolysis rates that are both faster than those of traditional support-based catalysts due to the oxygen vacancy and pure Lewis acidity of the support. Among these pyrochlore-based catalysts, Pd/Y2Sn2O7 exhibits activity and selectivity that are higher than those of Pd/La2Sn2O7. Moreover, the Y2Sn2O7-based catalyst partially substituted by Ce3+ ions at the B site is more efficient, with the highest cyclopentanone yield and 3-hydroxymethyl cyclopentanone yield of 95.0% and 92.5%, resp. Furthermore, the catalyst can still maintain an effective activity and stability after 4 runs. This study not only presents an efficient biobased route for the production of cyclopentanone compounds but also focuses on the acid catalytic performance of pyrochlore based on its pure Lewis acidity.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Crystal structure. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Application In Synthesis of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Xia, Haihong; Chen, Changzhou; Liu, Peng; Zhou, Minghao; Jiang, Jianchun published the artcile< Selective hydrogenation of furfural for high-value chemicals: effect of catalysts and temperature>, Electric Literature of 97-99-4, the main research area is furfural selective hydrogenation bimetallic catalyst temperature effect.

Transformation of furfural (FFA), a typical representative of furan platform chems. derived from the acid hydrolysis of hemicellulose to the high value chems. tetrahydrofurfuryl alc. (THFOL) and cyclopentanol (CPL), has drawn great attention. In this study, we report an efficient NiCo bimetallic catalyst with highly dispersed NiCo-based metals on a porous carbon matrix for FFA hydrogenation. For different FFA conversion reactions of the bimetallic catalysts, the tetrahydrofurfuryl (THFOL) yield was up to 95% over the Ni3Co1@C catalyst at 80°C. Furthermore, cyclopentanol (CPL) could also be obtained with a yield of 95% with Ni1Co1@C as the catalyst at 160°C in an aqueous medium. The detailed physicochem. characterization was carried out by means of XRD, SEM, BET, ICP, XPS, NH3-TPD and Raman anal. With the addition of Co in the bimetallic catalysts, the average particle size decreased obviously to around 5.7 nm in NixCoy/C catalysts with different Ni/Co ratios, which increased the dispersion and improved the catalytic activity of FFA hydrogenation. The NixCoy@C catalysts could be recovered and efficiently applied in the next run for four consecutive recycling tests in FFA hydrogenation to the corresponding target products under different reaction conditions. The results suggested that the NixCoy@C catalyst appeared to increasingly favor the formation of Ni-Co alloys and suggested a metallic active site in FFA hydrogenation with the addition of the Co element. Mechanistic study indicated that temperature was a key factor contributing to the formation of different desired products (THFOL and CPL). Furthermore, water was another essential factor, which was responsible for the arrangement of the furan compound

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Acidity. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Electric Literature of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Kuronen, Pirjo; Laitalainen, Tarja published the artcile< Crystal and molecular structure and spectra of 2',2',5,5,5',5',7,7-octamethyl-2',5,5',7-tetrahydrofuro[3,4-d]-1-oxa-3,4-diselenin-2-spiro-3'-furan-4'(3'H)-one from selenium dioxide oxidation of 2,2,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydrofuran-3-one. A novel six-membered heterocyclic ring system in the chalcogen series>, Synthetic Route of 5455-94-7, the main research area is tetramethyltetrahydrofuranone oxidation selenium dioxide; tetrahydrofurandione tetramethyl; crystal structure octamethyltetrahydrofurooxadiseleninspirofuranone; spirofuranone octamethyltetrahydrofurooxadiselenin crystal mol structure; furanone octamethyltetrahydrofurooxadiseleninspiro crystal mol structure; mol structure octamethyltetrahydrofurooxadiseleninspirofuranone.

When 2,2,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydrofuran-3-one 1 was oxidized with selenium dioxide in ethanol, the title heterocycle I was formed along with 2,2,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydro-3,4-furandione 2. The diselenide I represents a novel six-membered heterocycle in the chalcogen series.

Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry published new progress about Crystal structure. 5455-94-7 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Synthetic Route of 5455-94-7.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Rodina, Liudmila L.; Galkina, Olesia S.; Maas, Gerhard; Platz, Matthew S.; Nikolaev, Valerij A. published the artcile< A New Method for C-H Functionalization of Aliphatic Compounds by an Unusual Photochemical Reaction of Diazoketones without Elimination of Nitrogen>, Category: tetrahydrofurans, the main research area is diazotetrahydrofuranone aliphatic compound Wolff rearrangement photochem; hydrazone diazotetrahydrofuranyl preparation; aliphatic compound diazotetrahydrofuranone Wolff rearrangement photochem; bisfuranylhydrazonoethane preparation.

Benzophenone-sensitized reactions of 4-diazotetrahydrofuran-3(2H)-ones with H-donors such as THF, 1,4-dioxane, cyclohexane and di-Et ether, occur without elimination of nitrogen and give rise to the corresponding N-substituted hydrazones or bis-hydrazonoethanes due to a formal insertion of the terminal N atom of diazo group into α-C-H bonds of ethers and aliphatic hydrocarbons, with yields of up to 78 %. Long-wavelength UV irradiation (λ>310 nm) was most suitable for this process, whereas oxygen mols. adequately quench the triplet excited state of the diazoketone and reduce the preparative yields of C-H-insertion products. Hence this photochem. reaction of diazoketones could be used for C-H functionalization of different aliphatic compounds

Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Aliphatic hydrocarbons Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 5455-94-7 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C8H14O2, Category: tetrahydrofurans.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Qian, Yang; Li, Ze-Jun; Du, Xian-Long; Zhang, Qi; Zhao, Yi; Liu, Yong-Mei; Cao, Yong published the artcile< Total hydrogenation of bio-derived furans over supported Ru subnanoclusters prepared via amino acid-assisted deposition>, Formula: C5H10O2, the main research area is titania supported lysine assisted ruthenium catalyst total hydrogenation furan.

Development of a highly efficient and robust catalyst with reduced usage of noble metals is extremely desirable for selective hydrogenations of furan-containing bio-based feedstocks, which represents an attractive and sustainable alternative to petrochem. resources. Herein, we describe a new type of well-dispersed Ru subnanoclusters (ca. 0.50 wt%) supported on com. P25 TiO2 material obtained from a facile and effective amino acid-assisted deposition-precipitation strategy. The as-synthesized catalyst exhibits superior catalytic activity and selectivity for direct hydrogenation of industrially important furfural as well as a range of structurally diverse bio-based furanic compounds to their corresponding fully hydrogenated derivatives An average turnover frequency (ATOF) value as high as 367 h-1 at 80°C and 4 MPa H2 is obtained, which is the highest reported value. This catalyst also shows stable furfural total hydrogenation in 5 reaction cycles conducted at 80°C (52 mmol-scale, turnover number up to 12 500). In terms of the kinetic and structural characterizations, the key performances of the ultrasmall Ru clusters are proposed to mainly originate from an enhanced number of unsaturated surface Ru atoms and change in local coordination environment. Our work highlights the importance of the subnanometric size of Ru clusters in the advancement of efficient and affordable approaches towards bio-based chem. production

Green Chemistry published new progress about Hydrogenation. 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Formula: C5H10O2.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Yu, Zhenjie; Tian, Hongli; Sun, Kai; Shao, Yuewen; Zhang, Lijun; Zhang, Shu; Duan, Peigao; Liu, Qing; Niu, Shengli; Dong, Dehua; Hu, Xun published the artcile< Impacts of externally added Bronsted and Lewis acid on conversion of furfural to cyclopentanone over Ni/SiC catalyst>, Computed Properties of 97-99-4, the main research area is Bronsted Lewis acid hydrogenation furfural cyclopentanone nickel catalyst; nickel silicon carbide catalyst hydrogenation furfural.

The conversion of furfural to cyclopentanone (CPO) involves not only hydrogenation but also acid-catalysis reactions. The step of the acid-catalysis might be catalyzed by Lewis acid or Bronsted acid or both, which was investigated in this study by employing Ni/SiC, a catalyst with “”clean”” surface containing negligible amounts of acidic sites. Lewis acid (nitrate salts and chloride salts) or Bronsted acid (D008, a solid acid resin catalyst) with externally added to the reaction medium. The results showed that both Lewis acid and Bronsted acid could catalyze the conversion of furfural to CPO. The further hydrogenation of furfuryl alc. (FA) to tetrahydrofurfuryl alc. was main side reaction, which could be suppressed more effectively with the Lewis acid like CrCl3. The yield of CPO could be up to ca. 88.1% with the Ni/SiC-CrCl3 catalytic system. The chelation of CrCl3 with FA stabilized the C=C bond in the furan ring and the hydroxyl group, preventing the side reactions while facilitating CPO formation. The synergistic effects between the cation and anion was essential for the conversion of FA to CPO as the varied nitrate salts or chloride salts chelated with furfural, FA or other reaction intermediates in distinct ways, determining distribution of the products.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Bronsted acids Role: CAT (Catalyst Use), USES (Uses). 97-99-4 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C5H10O2, Computed Properties of 97-99-4.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Ghobrial, Carolyne; Sobhy, Rodina; Mogahed, Engy; Abdullatif, Hala; El-Karaksy, Hanaa published the artcile< Is sofosbuvir/ledipasvir safe for the hearts of children with hepatitis C virus>, Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate, the main research area is hepatitis C virus infection heart sofosbuvir ledipasvir safety child; Bradycardia; ECG; HCV; Sofosbuvir.

Symptomatic bradycardia has been reported in adults treated for chronic hepatitis C using sofosbuvir based regimens.We studied the cardiac safety of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir in Egyptian children, treated for chronic hepatitis C. The study included 40 hepatitis C virus infected children and adolescents 12-17 years old, using the combination of sofosbuvir (400 mg)/ledipasvir (90 mg) in a single oral tablet (Harvoni) taken daily for 12 wk. All subjects underwent a baseline standard 12-lead surface Electrocardiog. that was repeated at 4 and 12 wk of therapy. Electrocardiog. parameters (Heart Rate, RR interval, PR interval, QRS, QT interval, corrected QT interval, QT dispersion, JT interval, corrected JT interval, JT dispersion, Tpeak-Tend interval) were compared at the 3 different time points during antiviral therapy.No symptoms related to the cardiovascular system were reported during treatment. There were no cases of symptomatic bradycardia/syncope. Heart rate was noted to be significantly lower and RR and QT intervals were significantly longer in the baseline electrocardiog. Heart rate was significantly lower and RR interval was significantly longer in patients with higher viral load.No adverse cardiovascular events were observed in this group of HCV infected children and adolescents treated with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir. None of the patients developed bradyarrhythmias during treatment.

Digestive and Liver Disease published new progress about Adolescent, mammalian. 58-97-9 belongs to class tetrahydrofurans, and the molecular formula is C9H13N2O9P, Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-Dioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl dihydrogen phosphate.

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem