Category: 2492423-29-5

A stability indicating RP-HPLC method for determination of the COVID-19 drug molnupiravir applied using nanoformulations in permeability studies was written by Recber, Tuba;Timur, Selin Seda;Erdogan Kablan, Sevilay;Yalcin, Fatma;Karabulut, Tutku Ceren;Neslihan Gursoy, R.;Eroglu, Hakan;Kir, Sedef;Nemutlu, Emirhan. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis in 2022.Category: tetrahydrofurans The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Antiviral drugs have gained much more attention in recent years due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and many drug candidates are currently under investigation in order to end pandemic. Molnupiravir, a prodrug of the synthetic nucleoside derivative N4-hydroxycytidine, is one of the promising candidates for SARS-CoV-2 treatment. In this study, a RP-HPLC method was developed for the determination of Molnupiravir and applied for in vitro permeability studies of self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) formulations using Caco-2 cell line. Discovery HS C18 Column (75 x4.6 mm, 3μm) was used at 30°C. Isocratic elution was performed with ACN:water (20:80 volume/volume) mixture The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min and UV detection was at 240 nm. Molnupiravir eluted within 5 min. Molnupiravir was exposed to thermal, photolytic, hydrolytic, and oxidative stress conditions. Peak homogeneity data of Molnupiravir in the stressed samples peak obtained using photodiode array detector, in the stressed sample chromatograms, demonstrated the specificity of the method for their estimation in presence of degradants. The developed method was validated according to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines and found to be linear within the range 0.1-60.0μg/mL. The method was simple, rapid, selective, sensitive, accurate, precise, robust and rugged. Thus, it was applied successfully for permeability quantitation of Molnupiravir in nanoformulations. The apparent permeability of Molnupiravir in SEDDS formulations, which have droplet size under 350 nm, was calculated as 3.20 ± 0.44 × 10^-6 cm/s. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Category: tetrahydrofurans).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Category: tetrahydrofurans

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Molnupiravir combined with different repurposed drugs further inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in human nasal epithelium in vitro was written by Jonsdottir, Hulda R.;Siegrist, Denise;Julien, Thomas;Padey, Blandine;Bouveret, Mendy;Terrier, Olivier;Pizzorno, Andres;Huang, Song;Samby, Kirandeep;Wells, Timothy N. C.;Boda, Bernadett;Rosa-Calatrava, Manuel;Engler, Olivier B.;Constant, Samuel. And the article was included in Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2022.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a worldwide pandemic with unprecedented economic and societal impact. Currently, several vaccines are available and multitudes of antiviral treatments have been proposed and tested. Although many of the vaccines show clin. efficacy, they are not equally accessible worldwide. Addnl., due to the continuous emergence of new variants and generally short duration of immunity, the development of effective antiviral treatments remains of the utmost importance. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, substantial efforts have been undertaken to repurpose existing drugs for accelerated clin. testing and emergency use authorizations. However, drug-repurposing studies using cellular assays often identify hits that later prove ineffective clin., highlighting the need for more complex screening models. To this end, we evaluated the activity of single compounds that have either been tested clin. or already undergone extensive preclin. profiling, using a standardized in vitro model of human nasal epithelium. Furthermore, we also evaluated drug combinations based on a sub-maximal concentration of molnupiravir. We report the antiviral activity of 95 single compounds and 30 combinations. We show that only a few single agents are highly effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication while selected drug combinations containing 10μM molnupiravir boosted antiviral activity compared to single compound treatment. These data indicate that molnupiravir-based combinations are worthy of further consideration as potential treatment strategies against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Molnupiravir; molecular and functional descriptors of mitochondrial safety was written by Wallace, K. B.;Bjork, J. A.. And the article was included in Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology in 2022.Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Molnupiravir is an orally active nucleoside analog antiviral drug that recently was approved by the U. S. FDA for emergency treatment of adult patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus and at risk for severe progression. The active form of the drug, N-hydroxycytidine (NHC) triphosphate competes for incorporation by RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) into the replicating viral genome resulting in mutations and arrest of the replicating virus. Historically, some nucleoside analog antiviral drugs have been found to lack specificity for the virus and also inhibit replication and/or expression of the mitochondrial genome. The objective of the present study was to test whether molnupiravir and/or NHC also target mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (PolG) or RNA polymerase (POLRMT) activity to inhibit the replication and/or expression of the mitochondrial genome leading to impaired mitochondrial function. Human-derived HepG2 cells were exposed for 48 h in culture to increasing concentrations of either molnupiravir or NHC after which cytotoxicity, mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial gene expression were determined The phenotypic endpoint, mitochondrial respiration, was measured with the Seahorse XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Both molnupiravir and NHC were cytotoxic at concentrations of ≥10μM. However, at non-cytotoxic concentrations, neither significantly altered mitochondrial gene dose or transcription, or mitochondrial respiration. From this we conclude that mitochondrial toxicity is not a primary off target in the mechanism of cytotoxicity for either molnupiravir or its active metabolite NHC in the HepG2 cell line. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. It is more basic than diethyl ether and forms stronger complexes with Li+, Mg2+, and boranes. It is a popular solvent for hydroboration reactions and for organometallic compounds such as organolithium and Grignard reagents.Name: ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Immunodetection assays for the quantification of seasonal common cold coronaviruses OC43, NL63, or 229E infection confirm nirmatrelvir as broad coronavirus inhibitor was written by Weil, Tatjana;Lawrenz, Jan;Seidel, Alina;Muench, Jan;Mueller, Janis A.. And the article was included in Antiviral Research in 2022.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Besides pandemic SARS-CoV-2, also endemic seasonal human common cold coronaviruses (hCoVs) have a significant impact on human health and economy. Studies on hCoVs and the identification of antivirals are therefore crucial to improve human well-being. However, hCoVs have long been neglected and the methodol. to study virus infection, replication and inhibition warrants being updated. We here evaluated the established plaque-based assays to determine viral titers and cell-to-cell spread and developed protocols for the immunodetection of the viral nucleocapsid protein by flow cytometry and in-cell ELISA to study infection rates at early time points. The developed protocols allow detection of hCoV-229E infection after 2, and hCoV-NL63 and -OC43 infection after 3 days at a single cell level or in a 96 well microtiter format, in large sample numbers without being laborious or expensive. Both assays can be applied to assess the susceptibility of cells to hCoV infection and replication, and to determine the efficacy of antiviral compounds as well as neutralizing antibodies in a sensitive and quant. manner. Application revealed that clin. applied SARS-CoV-2 targeting monoclonal antibodies are inactive against hCoVs, but that the viral polymerase targeting antivirals remdesivir and molnupiravir are broadly active also against all three hCoVs. Further, the in-cell ELISA provided evidence that nirmatrelvir, previously shown to broadly inhibit coronavirus proteases, also prevents replication of authentic hCoVs. Importantly, the protocols described here can be easily adapted to other coronavirus strains and species as well as viruses of other families within a short time. This will facilitate future research on known and emerging (corona)viruses, support the identification of antivirals and increase the preparedness for future virus outbreaks. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is a stable compound with relatively low boiling point and excellent solvency. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), etc.Synthetic Route of C13H19N3O7

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Developing New Treatments for COVID-19 through Dual-Action Antiviral/Anti-Inflammatory Small Molecules and Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling was written by Zagaliotis, Panagiotis;Petrou, Anthi;Mystridis, George A.;Geronikaki, Athina;Vizirianakis, Ioannis S.;Walsh, Thomas J.. And the article was included in International Journal of Molecular Sciences in 2022.Category: tetrahydrofurans The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. Broad-spectrum antiviral agents that are effective against many viruses are difficult to develop, as the key mols., as well as the biochem. pathways by which they cause infection, differ largely from one virus to another. This was more strongly highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which found health systems all over the world largely unprepared and proved that the existing armamentarium of antiviral agents is not sufficient to address viral threats with pandemic potential. The clin. protocols for the treatment of COVID-19 are currently based on the use of inhibitors of the inflammatory cascade (dexamethasone, baricitinib), or inhibitors of the cytopathic effect of the virus (monoclonal antibodies, molnupiravir or nirmatrelvir/ritonavir), using different agents. There is a critical need for an expanded armamentarium of orally bioavailable small-mol. medicinal agents, including those that possess dual antiviral and anti-inflammatory (AAI) activity that would be readily available for the early treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in high-risk patients. A multidisciplinary approach that involves the use of in silico screening tools to identify potential drug targets of an emerging pathogen, as well as in vitro and in vivo models for the determination of a candidate drug’s efficacy and safety, are necessary for the rapid and successful development of antiviral agents with potentially dual AAI activity. Characterization of candidate AAI mols. with physiol. based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modeling would provide critical data for the accurate dosing of new therapeutic agents against COVID-19. This review analyzes the dual mechanisms of AAI agents with potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity and discusses the principles of PBPK modeling as a conceptual guide to develop new pharmacol. modalities for the treatment of COVID-19. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Category: tetrahydrofurans).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. It is more basic than diethyl ether and forms stronger complexes with Li+, Mg2+, and boranes. It is a popular solvent for hydroboration reactions and for organometallic compounds such as organolithium and Grignard reagents.Category: tetrahydrofurans

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Human genetic risk of treatment with antiviral nucleoside analog drugs that induce lethal mutagenesis: The special case of molnupiravir was written by Waters, Michael D.;Warren, Stafford;Hughes, Claude;Lewis, Philip;Zhang, Fengyu. And the article was included in Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 2492423-29-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. This review considers antiviral nucleoside analog drugs, including ribavirin, favipiravir, and molnupiravir, which induce genome error catastrophe in SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 via lethal mutagenesis as a mode of action. In vitro data indicate that molnupiravir may be 100 times more potent as an antiviral agent than ribavirin or favipiravir. Molnupiravir has recently demonstrated efficacy in a phase 3 clin. trial. Because of its anticipated global use, its relative potency, and the reported in vitro “host” cell mutagenicity of its active principle, β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine, the author have reviewed the development of molnupiravir and its genotoxicity safety evaluation, as well as the genotoxicity profiles of three congeners, i.e., ribavirin, favipiravir, and 5-(2-chloroethyl)-20 -deoxyuridine. The author consider the potential genetic risks of molnupiravir on the basis of all available information and focus on the need for addnl. human genotoxicity data and follow-up in patients treated with molnupiravir and similar drugs. Such human data are especially relevant for antiviral NAs that have the potential of permanently modifying the genomes of treated patients and/or causing human teratogenicity or embryotoxicity. The author conclude that the results of preclin. genotoxicity studies and phase 1 human clin. safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics are critical components of drug safety assessments and sentinels of unanticipated adverse health effects. The author provide rationale for performing more thorough genotoxicity testing prior to and within phase 1 clin. trials, including human PIG-A and error corrected next generation sequencing (duplex sequencing) studies in DNA and mitochondrial DNA of patients treated with antiviral NAs that induce genome error catastrophe via lethal mutagenesis. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Recommanded Product: 2492423-29-5).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran and dihydrofuran form the basic structural unit of many naturally occurring scaffolds like gambieric acid A and ciguatoxin, goniocin, and some biologically active molecules. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), etc.Recommanded Product: 2492423-29-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Human safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of molnupiravir, a novel broad-spectrum oral antiviral agent with activity against SARS-CoV-2 was written by Painter, Wendy P.;Holman, Wayne;Bush, Jim A.;Almazedi, Firas;Malik, Hamzah;Eraut, Nicola C. J. E.;Morin, Merribeth J.;Szewczyk, Laura J.;Painter, George R.. And the article was included in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in 2021.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Molnupiravir (EIDD-2801/MK-4482), the prodrug of the active antiviral ribonucleoside analog β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine (NHC; EIDD-1931), has activity against a number of RNA viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses. Single and multiple doses of molnupiravir were evaluated in this first-in-human, phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy volunteers, which included evaluation of the effect of food on pharmacokinetics. EIDD-1931 appeared rapidly in plasma, with a median time of maximum observed concentration of 1.00 to 1.75 h, and declined with a geometric half-life of approx. 1 h, with a slower elimination phase apparent following multiple doses or higher single doses (7.1 h at the highest dose tested). Mean maximum observed concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration vs. time curve (AUC) increased in a dose-proportional manner, and there was no accumulation following multiple doses. When administered in a fed state, there was a decrease in the rate of absorption, but no decrease in overall exposure. Molnupiravir was well tolerated. Fewer than half of the subjects reported an adverse event, the incidence of adverse events was higher following administration of placebo, and 93.3% of adverse events were mild. One subject discontinued early due to rash. There were no serious adverse events, and there were no clin. significant findings in clin. laboratory, vital signs, or electrocardiog. Plasma exposures exceeded expected efficacious doses based on scaling from animal models; therefore, dose escalations were discontinued before a maximum tolerated dose was reached. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is water-miscible and has a low viscosity making it a highly versatile solvent used in a variety of industries. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Safety of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Effectiveness of antiviral therapy in highly-transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2: a modeling and simulation study was written by Schoning, Verena;Kern, Charlotte;Chaccour, Carlos;Hammann, Felix. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

As of Oct. 2021, neither established agents (e.g., hydroxychloroquine) nor exptl. drugs have lived up to their initial promise as antiviral treatment against SARS-CoV-2 infection. While vaccines are being globally deployed, variants of concern (VOCs) are emerging with the potential for vaccine escape. VOCs are characterized by a higher within-host transmissibility, and this may alter their susceptibility to antiviral treatment. Here we describe a model to understand the effect of changes in withinhost reproduction number R₀, as proxy for transmissibility, of VOCs on the effectiveness of antiviral therapy with molnupiravir through modeling and simulation. Molnupiravir (EIDD2801 or MK 4482) is an orally bioavailable antiviral drug inhibiting viral replication through lethal mutagenesis, ultimately leading to viral extinction. We simulated 800 mg molnupiravir treatment every 12 h for 5 days, with treatment initiated at different time points before and after infection. Modeled viral mutations range from 1.25 to 2-fold greater transmissibility than wild type, but also include putative co-adapted variants with lower transmissibility (0.75-fold). Antiviral efficacy was correlated with R₀, making highly transmissible VOCs more sensitive to antiviral therapy. Total viral load was reduced by up to 70% in highly transmissible variants compared to 30% in wild type if treatment was started in the first 1-3 days post inoculation. Less transmissible variants appear less susceptible. Our findings suggest there may be a role for pre- or post-exposure prophylactic antiviral treatment in areas with presence of highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants. Furthermore, clin. trials with borderline efficacious results should consider identifying VOCs and examine their impact in post-hoc anal. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofurans and furans are important oxygen-containing heterocycles that often exhibit interesting properties for biological applications or applications in the cosmetic industry. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.Application In Synthesis of ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Treatment with obinutuzumab leads to worse outcomes in haematological patients diagnosed with Omicron variant COVID -19 was written by Shafat, Tali;Grupel, Daniel;Porges, Tzvika;Levi, Itai;Yagel, Yael;Nesher, Lior. And the article was included in British Journal of Haematology in 2022.Category: tetrahydrofurans The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Patients with haematol. malignancies (HM) who fall prey to COVID-19, especially those receiving anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAB), are at a higher risk for complications, mortality, protracted disease, and relapse. Anti-CD-20 mAB became widely used for HM, especially for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Current use of obinutuzumab includes combination with chemotherapy for previously untreated or relapsed follicular lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Obinutuzumab-based immunochemotherapy and maintenance resulted in more prolonged progression-free survival for patients with advanced-stage follicular lymphoma, at the cost of an increased rate of adverse events, including infections. We performed a single-center population-based cohort study to determine whether patients treated with obinutuzumab were at a higher risk for adverse COVID-19 outcomes than those of rituximab-treated patients. We identified the Omicron variant by either sequencing or when compatible mutations were found in the S gene by Allplex SARS-CoV-2 Master Assay (Seegene, Seoul, South Korea). Follow-up continued until 1 Apr. 1 2022 or death. All patients receiving obinutuzumab in our cohort were treated for indolent lymphomas, most of whom (13/20, 65%) were in the maintenance phase of treatment (6/27, 22% in the rituximab group, p = 0.003). Almost 75% of patients (35/47) in both groups were fully vaccinated (3-4 doses of BNT162b2 vaccine). In conclusion, we observed worse clin. outcomes during Omicron VOC infection in HM patients treated with obinutuzumab. As this treatment has not been shown to increase overall survival when given as maintenance, it may be prudent to defer treatment with obinutuzumab or replace it with a less potent anti- CD20 for the duration of the COVID- 19 pandemic. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Category: tetrahydrofurans).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Oxidations have also proved to be valuable and efficient approaches to chiral tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Category: tetrahydrofurans

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

A cell-based assay to discover inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase was written by Zhao, Jianyuan;Guo, SaiSai;Yi, Dongrong;Li, Quanjie;Ma, Ling;Zhang, Yongxin;Wang, Jing;Li, Xiaoyu;Guo, Fei;Lin, Rongtuan;Liang, Chen;Liu, Zhenlong;Cen, Shan. And the article was included in Antiviral Research in 2021.Related Products of 2492423-29-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Antiviral therapeutics is one effective avenue to control and end this devastating COVID-19 pandemic. The viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 has been recognized as a valuable target of antivirals. However, the cell-free SARS-CoV-2 RdRp biochem. assay requires the conversion of nucleotide prodrugs into the active triphosphate forms, which regularly occurs in cells yet is a complicated multiple-step chem. process in vitro, and thus hinders the utility of this cell-free assay in the rapid discovery of RdRp inhibitors. In addition, SARS-CoV-2 exoribonuclease provides the proof-reading capacity to viral RdRp, thus creates relatively high resistance threshold of viral RdRp to nucleotide analog inhibitors, which must be examined and evaluated in the development of this class of antivirals. Here, the authors report a cell-based assay to evaluate the efficacy of nucleotide analog compounds against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and assess their tolerance to viral exoribonuclease-mediated proof-reading. By testing seven commonly used nucleotide analog viral polymerase inhibitors, Remdesivir, Molnupiravir, Ribavirin, Favipiravir, Penciclovir, Entecavir and Tenofovir, the authors found that both Molnupiravir and Remdesivir showed the strong inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp, with EC₅₀ value of 0.22μM and 0.67μM, resp. Moreover, the authors’ results suggested that exoribonuclease nsp14 increases resistance of SARS-CoV-2 RdRp to nucleotide analog inhibitors. The authors also determined that Remdesivir presented the highest resistance to viral exoribonuclease activity in cells. Therefore, the authors have developed a cell-based SARS-CoV-2 RdRp assay which can be deployed to discover SARS-CoV-2 RdRp inhibitors that are urgently needed to treat COVID-19 patients. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5Related Products of 2492423-29-5).

((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-5-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl isobutyrate (cas: 2492423-29-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Related Products of 2492423-29-5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem