Archives for Chemistry Experiments of 22929-52-8

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In homogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in the same phase as the reactant. The number of collisions between reactants and catalyst is at a maximum.In a patent, 22929-52-8, name is Dihydrofuran-3(2H)-one, introducing its new discovery. category: Tetrahydrofurans

Origins of stereoselectivity in evolved ketoreductases

Mutants of Lactobacillus kefir short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase, used here as ketoreductases (KREDs), enantioselectively reduce the pharmaceutically relevant substrates 3-thiacyclopentanone and 3-oxacyclopentanone. These substrates differ by only the heteroatom (S or O) in the ring, but the KRED mutants reduce them with different enantioselectivities. Kinetic studies show that these enzymes are more efficient with 3-thiacyclopentanone than with 3-oxacyclopentanone. X-ray crystal structures of apo- and NADP+-bound selected mutants show that the substrate-binding loop conformational preferences are modified by these mutations. Quantum mechanical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are used to investigate the mechanism of reduction by the enzyme. We have developed an MD-based method for studying the diastereomeric transition state complexes and rationalize different enantiomeric ratios. This method, which probes the stability of the catalytic arrangement within the theozyme, shows a correlation between the relative fractions of catalytically competent poses for the enantiomeric reductions and the experimental enantiomeric ratio. Some mutations, such as A94F and Y190F, induce conformational changes in the active site that enlarge the small binding pocket, facilitating accommodation of the larger S atom in this region and enhancing S-selectivity with 3-thiacyclopentanone. In contrast, in the E145S mutant and the final variant evolved for large-scale production of the intermediate for the antibiotic sulopenem, R-selectivity is promoted by shrinking the small binding pocket, thereby destabilizing the pro-S orientation.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

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ALDOSTERONE SYNTHASE INHIBITORS

The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2. R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, W, Y, m and n are as defined herein. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, processes for preparing these compounds and intermediates useful in these processes.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
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NOVEL PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF 3-OXO-TETRAHYDROFURAN

This invention relates to a novel method for the preparationof 3-oxotetrahydrofurancomprising oxidating 3-hydroxy-tetrahydrofuran in the presence of a catalytic amount of TEMPO with trichloroisocyanuric acid.

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HIV integrase inhibitors: cyclic pyrimidinone compounds

The invention encompasses a series of pyrimidinone compounds which inhibit HIV integrase and thereby prevent viral integration into human DNA. This action makes the compounds useful for treating HIV infection and AIDS. The invention also encompasses intermediates useful for making the pyrimidone compounds. Additionally, pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating those infected with HIV are encompassed.

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Recent advances in catalytic asymmetric intermolecular oxidation of alkynes

In recent years, gold-catalyzed intermolecular alkyne oxidation by an N-oxide oxidant, which presumably involves a gold carbenoid intermediate, has attracted increasing attention because it circumvents the employment of hazardous and potentially explosive diazocarbonyl compounds as starting materials for carbene generation. More importantly, the development of a catalytic enantioselective version of the reaction can help achieve an array of asymmetric synthesis processes modified from various racemic transformations of the gold carbenoid intermediate. In this review, we will present an overview of these recent advances in the asymmetric transformations by utilizing chiral ligands, chiral N,N?-dioxides and chiral substrates, aiming to facilitate progress in this fascinating field of research.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

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Diacetone glucose architecture as a chirality template I. Crucial effects of the intramolecular oxygens upon the LiAlH4 reduction of the propargyl alcohol of 3-C-ethynyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-allofuranose derivatives

The facile as well as regio- and stereoselective reactivity of 3-C-ethynyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-alpha-D-allofuranose derivatives for LiAlH4 reduction into the corresponding ethenyl derivatives were investigated. The effect of oxygen atoms on the reduction is discussed by means of semi-empirical MO calculation.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

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HIV protease inhibitors useful for the treatment of aids

[From equivalent EP0434365A2] Compounds of the form, A-G-B-B-J wherein A is an amine protecting group or urethane, G a dipeptide isostere substituted with a basic amine nitrogen, B an amino acid or analog thereof, and J a small terminal group are described. These compounds are useful in the inhibition of HIV protease, the prevention or treatment of infection by HIV and the treatment of AIDS, either as compounds, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceutical composition ingredients, whether or not in combination with other antivirals, immunomodulators, antibiotics or vaccines. Methods of treating AIDS and methods of preventing or treating infection by HIV are also described.psi

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
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One of the oldest and most widely used commercial enzyme inhibitors is aspirin, HPLC of Formula: C4H6O2, which selectively inhibits one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of molecules that trigger inflammation. you can also check out more blogs about 22929-52-8

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INDAZOLYL-SPIRO[2.2]PENTANE-CARBONITRILE DERIVATIVES AS LRRK2 INHIBITORS, PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS, AND USES THEREOF

The present invention is directed to substituted certain reversed indazolyl-spiro[2.2]pentane-carbonitrile derivatives of Formula (I): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein, which are potent inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase and may be useful in the treatment or prevention of diseases in which the LRRK2 kinase is involved, such as Parkinson’s Disease and other diseases and disorders described herein. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which LRRK-2 kinase is involved.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
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Aldol additions of pinacolone lithium enolate with ketones: Reactivities governed predominantly by field effects

The relative reactivities of representative alpha- and beta-heterosubstituted acyclic, cyclic (five- and six-membered), and aromatic ketones with the lithium enolate of pinacolone in diethyl ether at -78 C were determined. The order of reactivities of monosubstituted acetones (MeCOCH2X) is X = Cl > OTBDMS > OMe > SMe > NMe2 > CH2SMe > H > Me and spans a range of 104. Excellent correlation was obtained for MeCOCH2X when log (kX/kMe) was plotted against sigmaI(X) (r = 0.996, rho = 6.62), demonstrating the overwhelming importance of substituent field/inductive effects in the rate enhancement. Similar linear relationships were also observed for aromatic ketones (r = 0.993, rho = 7.61) as well as five-membered (r = 0.997, p – 6.87) and six-membered ring (r = 0.998, rho = 6.92) cyclic ketones. Thiacyclopentanone and 3- and 4-thiacyclohexanones were unique among the substrates studied in departing significantly from the correlations shown by all other types of substrates. Similarities of the reactivities for 3-oxacyclohexanone vs cyclohexanone and of 3-oxacyclopentanone vs cyclopentanone to that for methoxyacetone vs butanone established that chelation has no role in the very large rate enhancements observed. The synthetic utility of this effect for regioselective additions was demonstrated by the exclusive addition of pinacolone lithium enolate to the 2-carbonyl in MeCO(CH2)3COCH2OSiMe2t-Bu. Steric retardation by alpha-methyl and alpha-methoxy groups was nearly absent in cyclopentanones, small in acyclic ketones, and considerable in cyclohexanones.

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

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TANK-BINDING KINASE INHIBITOR COMPOUNDS

Compounds having the following formula (I) and methods of their use and preparation are disclosed:

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Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem