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Syntheses of new easily accessible chiral alkylarylamidophosphinephosphinite chelating ligands are described. Their rhodium complexes [Rh(L2*)Cl]2 are highly effective precursors for the catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation of functionalized ketones. Ketopantoyllactone and N-benzylphenyl glyoxamide are converted to the corresponding alcohols up to 96 and 79.6% ee respectively.

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Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

More research is needed about 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione

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Synthetic Route of 13031-04-4, Catalysts function by providing an alternate reaction mechanism that has a lower activation energy than would be found in the absence of the catalyst. In some cases, the catalyzed mechanism may include additional steps.In a article, 13031-04-4, molcular formula is C6H8O3, introducing its new discovery.

The process parameters of dehydrogenation of pantolactone with bromine in chloroform and the possibility of bromine recycling by electrolysis of hydrogen bromide formed in the synthesis of ketopanto-lactone were studied.

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Application of 13031-04-4, Chemistry is the science of change. But why do chemical reactions take place? Why do chemicals react with each other? The answer is in thermodynamics and kinetics.In a document type is Article, and a compound is mentioned, 13031-04-4, 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione, introducing its new discovery.

The new class of 2-methylallyl ruthenium chiral diphosphines 1 are efficient in asymmetric hydrogenation of alpha,beta unsaturated acids and allylic alcohols.The related chiral halogen-containing ruthenium catalysts 2 are prepared from 1 or in situ from (COD)Ru(eta3-(CH2)2CHCH3)2 by ligand exchange with the chelating diphosphine followed by protonation (HX) in acetone.This procedure allows rapid screening of chiral phosphines, such as Diop, Chiraphos, Cbd, Bppm, Binap, beta-glucophos, Biphemp, MeO-Biphep, Me-Duphos, in ruthenium mediated hydrogenations of prochiral substrates.A high efficiency is displayed by Ru-catalysts having atropisomeric ligands (e.e. up to 99percent), and a C2 symmetric bis(phospholane) has also emerged as a valuable ligand (Me-Duphos, e.e. up to 87percent not optimized).Asymmetric hydrogenation of beta-keto esters can be conducted under quite mild conditions (4 atm. of H2, 50 deg C, e.e. up to 99percent), beta-keto esters having a disubstituted double bond are also hydrogenated chemoselectively to unsaturated chiral alcohols under controlled conditions with excellent optical purities.

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Two conjugated polyketone reductases (CPRs) were isolated from Candida parapsilosis IFO 0708. The primary structures of CPRs (C1 and C2) were analyzed by amino acid sequencing. The amino acid sequences of both enzymes had high similarity to those of several proteins of the aldo-keto-reductase (AKR) superfamily. However, several amino acid residues in the putative active sites of AKRs were not conserved in CPRs-C1 and -C2.

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Drug-lead synthesis through rapid construction of chiral molecular complexity around the biologically relevant framework using a highly efficient strategy is a key goal of organic synthesis. Molecules bearing a spirooxindole-type framework exhibit important bioactivities. Herein, we present a highly efficient and convenient strategy that allows rapid construction of unique optically active spiro[oxazoline-3,3?-oxindole]s through the organocatalyzed asymmetric synthesis of spirocyclic thiocarbamates via an aldol reaction. Preliminary biological evaluation of several of the spirooxazolines using a model of acute neuroinflammation revealed promising antipyretic activity and provided an opportunity to discover new antipyretic agents.

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The efficient enzymatic conversion of ketopantoyl lactone to D-(-)-pantoyl lactone was found to take place on incubation with washed cells of Candida parapsilosis IFO 0708 or Rhodotorula minuta IFO 0920.They showed high conversion activity when grown with 5percent corn steep liquor and 5percent glucose, sucrose, maltose or glycerol.Under suitable reaction conditions, the amounts of D-(-)-pantoyl lactone reached 49.5 g/l (94.4percent e.e.; molar yield, 99percent) and 89.9 g/l (80.4percent e.e.; molar yield, 99percent) with cells of R. minuta and C. parapsilosis, respectively.

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Ruthenium clay, prepared by reaction of RuCl3·H2O with the 3- phosphinopropyl ligand anchored on Fluka K10 montmorillonite, is an effective catalyst for the reduction of the alpha-carbonyl group of alpha-ketoesters and alpha- ketoamides (50-89% yield).

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The invention provides a polishing composition and a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate comprising a noble metal, the polishing composition comprising (a) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes a noble metal, (b) an anion selected from the group consisting of sulfate, borate, nitrate, and phosphate, and (c) a liquid carrier. The invention further provides a polishing composition and a method of chemically-mechanically polishing a substrate comprising ruthenium, the polishing composition comprising (a) an oxidizing agent that oxidizes ruthenium above the +4 oxidation state, (b) a polishing additive selected from the group consisting of metal sequestering polymers, metal chelators, organic thiols, compounds that reduce ruthenium tetraoxide, lactones, and ±-hydroxycarbonyl compounds.

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A NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase was purified to homogeneity from Candida magnoliae AKU4643 through four steps, including Blue Sepharose affinity chromatography. The enzyme catalyzed the stereoselective reduction of ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to the corresponding (S)-alcohol with a 100% enantiomeric excess, which is a useful chiral building block for the chemical synthesis of pharmaceuticals. The relative molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 76,000 on high performance gel filtration chromatography and 32,000 on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzyme reduced alpha, beta-keto esters and conjugated diketones in addition to ethyl 4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate. The enzyme activity was inhibited by quercetin and HgCl2, but not by EDTA. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed no apparent similarity with those of other oxidoreductases.

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In heterogeneous catalysis, the catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants. Product Details of 13031-04-4, At least one of the reactants interacts with the solid surface in a physical process called adsorption in such a way. 13031-04-4, name is 4,4-Dimethyldihydrofuran-2,3-dione. In an article,Which mentioned a new discovery about 13031-04-4

In the search for green chemistry methods for the enantioselective reduction of ketoesters Saccharomyces cerevisiae-and ruthenium-catalyzed reactions in water have been investigated. The highest enantiomeric excesses for the reduction of alpha-and beta-ketoesters have been obtained by S. cerevisiae. Chiral ruthenium catalysts are active for the reduction of all ketoesters with low to moderate enantioselectivities depending on the nature of the substrate and ligand. Interestingly, for several substrates both enantiomers of the hydroxyesters have been obtained according either to the catalytic method or to the structure of the ligand.

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