Month: February 2023

Surface energy control of soluble polyimide gate insulators by copolymerization method for high performance pentacene thin-film transistors was written by Kim, Jin Woo;Yi, Mi Hye;Ahn, Taek. And the article was included in Thin Solid Films in 2013.Name: 6-(2,5-Dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-methyl-7,7a-dihydroisobenzofuran-1,3(3aH,6H)-dione This article mentions the following:

We have synthesized a series of surface energy controlled soluble polyimide (PI) gate insulators (KSPI-C1, KSPI-C3, and KSPI-C5) by one-step copolymerization method of the monomers 5-(2,5-dioxytetrahydrofuryl)-3-methyl-3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride, 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane, and 1-(3,5-diaminophenyl)-3-octadecylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione (DA-18-IM). The long alkyl chain containing DA-18-IM monomer was used to control the surface energy of PI polymers. Fully imidized PI polymers were completely soluble in organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide, etc. Thermal gravimetric anal. exhibited that all polymers are stable up to more than 432 °C with only 5 weight% weight loss. The glass transition temperatures of polymers are found to be between 208 °C and 242 °C by differential scanning calorimetry measurement. Thin films of all polymers could be fabricated at only 150 °C and a pentacene thin-film transistor (TFT) with KSPI-C3 as a gate dielec. was found to exhibit the highest field effect mobility of 0.53 cm²/Vs. Surface energy controlled PI polymers are promising candidates for gate dielecs. for organic TFTs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-(2,5-Dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-methyl-7,7a-dihydroisobenzofuran-1,3(3aH,6H)-dione (cas: 73003-90-4Name: 6-(2,5-Dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-methyl-7,7a-dihydroisobenzofuran-1,3(3aH,6H)-dione).

6-(2,5-Dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-methyl-7,7a-dihydroisobenzofuran-1,3(3aH,6H)-dione (cas: 73003-90-4) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), etc.Name: 6-(2,5-Dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-4-methyl-7,7a-dihydroisobenzofuran-1,3(3aH,6H)-dione

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Purine and 1-deazapurine ribonucleosides and deoxyribonucleosides: synthesis and biological activity was written by Cristalli, Gloria;Vittori, Sauro;Eleuteri, Alessandra;Grifantini, Mario;Volpini, Rosaria;Lupidi, Giulio;Capolongo, Laura;Pesenti, Enrico. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1991.Formula: C16H16Cl2N4O7 This article mentions the following:

A series of 6-(hydroxyamino)purine and -1-deazapurine nucleosides, e.g. I (R = NHOH; R¹ = Cl, H; R² = H, tolyl; R³ = OH, H; Z = N, CH) were synthesized and tested for their antitumor and adenosine deaminase inhibitory activity. All compounds were comparable in activity to that of 6-(hydroxyamino)-9-β-D-ribofuranosylpurine and ara-A. Nucleoside I (R = NHOH, R¹ = R² = R³ = H, Z = CH), the less cytotoxic but the most active ADA inhibitor in the series greatly potentiates the antitumor activity of ara-A in vitro. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-(Acetoxymethyl)-5-(2,6-dichloro-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diyl diacetate (cas: 3056-18-6Formula: C16H16Cl2N4O7).

(2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-(Acetoxymethyl)-5-(2,6-dichloro-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diyl diacetate (cas: 3056-18-6) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. Tetrahydrofuran reaction with hydrogen sulfide: In the presence of a solid acid catalyst, tetrahydrofuran reacts with hydrogen sulfide to give tetrahydrothiophene.Formula: C16H16Cl2N4O7

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Triazole pyrimidine nucleosides as inhibitors of Ribonuclease A. Synthesis, biochemical, and structural evaluation was written by Parmenopoulou, Vanessa;Chatzileontiadou, Demetra S. M.;Manta, Stella;Bougiatioti, Stamatina;Maragozidis, Panagiotis;Gkaragkouni, Dimitra-Niki;Kaffesaki, Eleni;Kantsadi, Anastassia L.;Skamnaki, Vassiliki T.;Zographos, Spyridon E.;Zounpoulakis, Panagiotis;Balatsos, Nikolaos A. A.;Komiotis, Dimitris;Leonidas, Demetres D.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2012.Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione This article mentions the following:

Five ribofuranosyl pyrimidine nucleosides and their corresponding 1,2,3-triazole derivatives have been synthesized and characterized. Their inhibitory action to RNase A has been studied by biochem. anal. and x-ray crystallog. These compounds are potent competitive inhibitors of RNase A with low μM inhibition constant (K_i) values with the ones having a triazolo linker being more potent than the ones without. The most potent of these is 1-[(β-d-ribofuranosyl)-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]uracil being with K_i = 1.6 μM. The high resolution x-ray crystal structures of the RNase A in complex with three most potent inhibitors of these inhibitors have shown that they bind at the enzyme catalytic cleft with the pyrimidine nucleobase at the B₁ subsite while the triazole moiety binds at the main subsite P₁, where P-O5′ bond cleavage occurs, and the ribose at the interface between subsites P₁ and P₀ exploiting interactions with residues from both subsites. The effect of a substituent group at the 5-pyrimidine position at the inhibitory potency has been also examined and results show that any addition at this position leads to a less efficient inhibitor. Comparative structural anal. of these RNase A complexes with other similar RNase A-ligand complexes reveals that the triazole moiety interactions with the protein form the structural basis of their increased potency. The insertion of a triazole linker between the pyrimidine base and the ribose forms the starting point for further improvement of these inhibitors in the quest for potent ribonucleolytic inhibitors with pharmaceutical potential. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 957-75-5Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione).

5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 957-75-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Tetrahydrofuran has many industry uses as a solvent including in natural and synthetic resins, high polymers, fat oils, rubber, polymer. THF (Tetrahydrofuran) is also used as a starting material for the synthesis of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG), etc.Recommanded Product: 5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Antiplatelet Activity of α-Lipoic Acid was written by Lai, Yuan-Shu;Shih, Ching-Yu;Huang, Yu-Feng;Chou, Tz-Chong. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2010.Category: tetrahydrofurans This article mentions the following:

α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is often used as a dietary supplement to prevent and treat chronic diseases associated with excessive oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of the antiplatelet activity of ALA. ALA significantly inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation, thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) formation, Ca²⁺ mobilization, and protein kinase Cα (PKCα) activation, but ALA itself increased cAMP formation in rabbit washed platelets. However, the effects of ALA on the above platelet responses were markedly reversed by the addition of 2’5′-ddAdo, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor. Addnl., increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cyclooxygenase-1 activity stimulated by arachidonic acid were inhibited by ALA. In conclusion, we demonstrated that ALA possesses an antiplatelet activity, which may be associated with an elevation of cAMP formation, involving subsequent inhibition of TXA₂, Ca²⁺ mobilization, and PKCα-mediated pathways. Moreover, inhibition of ROS formation and increase of platelet membrane fluidity may also involve its actions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 6698-26-6Category: tetrahydrofurans).

(2R,3S,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-ol (cas: 6698-26-6) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a Lewis base that bonds to a variety of Lewis acids such as I2, phenols, triethylaluminum and bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II). THF can also be synthesized by catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This allows certain sugars to be converted to THF via acid-catalyzed digestion to furfural and decarbonylation to furan, although this method is not widely practiced. THF is thus derivable from renewable resources.Category: tetrahydrofurans

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of L-β-3′-C-cyano-2′,3′-unsaturated nucleosides and L-3′-C-cyano-3′-deoxyribonucleosides was written by Zhu, Wei;Gumina, Giuseppe;Schinazi, Raymond F.;Chu, Chung K.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2003.COA of Formula: C8H14O5 This article mentions the following:

An efficient synthetic method was developed for L-β-3′-C-cyano-2′,3′-unsaturated nucleosides and L-3′-C-cyano-3′-deoxyribonucleosides. The key intermediate, 1,2-di-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-3-C-cyano-3-deoxy-L-ribofuranose, was obtained from L-xylose, from which a series of pyrimidine and purine nucleosides were prepared in high yield by the coupling of key intermediate and various silyl-protected bases in the presence of TMSOTf. These nucleosides were eliminated, followed by deprotecting to give L-β-3′-C-cyano-2′,3′-unsaturated nucleosides. When selectively deprotected by hydrazine hydrate in buffered acetic acid-pyridine followed by treatment with potassium carbonate in methanol, L-3′-C-cyano-3′-deoxyribonucleosides were obtained. The synthesized nucleosides were tested for anti-HIV activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3aS,5S,6R,6aS)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-ol (cas: 114861-22-2COA of Formula: C8H14O5).

(3aS,5S,6R,6aS)-5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofuro[2,3-d][1,3]dioxol-6-ol (cas: 114861-22-2) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran and dihydrofuran form the basic structural unit of many naturally occurring scaffolds like gambieric acid A and ciguatoxin, goniocin, and some biologically active molecules. Tetrahydrofuran can also be produced, or synthesised, via catalytic hydrogenation of furan. This process involves converting certain sugars into THF by digesting to furfural. An alternative to this method is the catalytic hydrogenation of furan with a nickel catalyst.COA of Formula: C8H14O5

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Differential affinities of pyrimidine nucleoside analogs for deoxythymidine and deoxycytidine kinase determine their incorporation into murine leukemia L1210 cells was written by Balzarini, Jan;De Clercq, Erik. And the article was included in Acta Biochimica Polonica in 1987.HPLC of Formula: 10356-76-0 This article mentions the following:

A number of 5-substituted pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside (dThd or dCyd) derivatives were evaluated for their effects on the incorporation of dThd and dCyd into the nucleotide pool and nucleic acids of murine leukemia L1210 cells. The dThd kinase and dCyd kinase activity of the cells and the differential affinities of these enzymes for the pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides may determine the incorporation of dThd and dCyd into the cells. DThd and dCyd were not incorporated into mutant L1210 cells deficient in either dThd kinase or dCyd kinase activity. For a series of 5-substituted dThd and dCyd analogs, a strong correlation was found between their inhibitory effects on the incorporation of dThd or dCyd into cell material and their K_i/K_m for dThd kinase and dCyd kinase. Inhibitors of DNA synthesis (i.e., araC) and RNA synthesis (i.e., actinomycin D) suppressed the incorporation of dThd, most likely due to an inhibitory activity at the dThd kinase level (through the allosteric action of dTTP or slow regeneration of dThd kinase). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-5-fluoro-1-((2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (cas: 10356-76-0HPLC of Formula: 10356-76-0).

4-Amino-5-fluoro-1-((2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidin-2(1H)-one (cas: 10356-76-0) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a Lewis base that bonds to a variety of Lewis acids such as I2, phenols, triethylaluminum and bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)copper(II). Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is primarily used as a precursor to polymers including for surface coating, adhesives, and printing inks.HPLC of Formula: 10356-76-0

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Perylenyltriazoles inhibit reproduction of enveloped viruses was written by Aralov, Andrey V.;Proskurin, Gleb V.;Orlov, Alexey A.;Kozlovskaya, Liubov I.;Chistov, Alexey A.;Kutyakov, Sergey V.;Karganova, Galina G.;Palyulin, Vladimir A.;Osolodkin, Dmitry I.;Korshun, Vladimir A.. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2017.Computed Properties of C9H11BrN2O6 This article mentions the following:

1-Substituted 4-perylen-2(3)-yl-1,2,3-triazoles, easily accessible by ‘click’ reaction and combining in one mol. a polyaromatic unit and a nitrogen heterocycle, were found to strongly inhibit the reproduction of enveloped viruses. 5-[4-(Perylen-3-yl)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl]-uridine and 2-[1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl]perylene show EC₅₀ of 0.031 and 0.023 μM, resp., against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). Remarkably, the nucleoside unit appears to be not essential for antiviral activity. These results provide deeper understanding of structural basis of activity for this new class of antivirals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 957-75-5Computed Properties of C9H11BrN2O6).

5-Bromo-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (cas: 957-75-5) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Solid acid catalysis, and the advantages often associated with their use, have been proved equally efficient for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurans or furans. Commercial tetrahydrofuran contains substantial water that must be removed for sensitive operations, e.g. those involving organometallic compounds. Although tetrahydrofuran is traditionally dried by distillation from an aggressive desiccant, molecular sieves are superior.Computed Properties of C9H11BrN2O6

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem

Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part II. Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides was written by Satyanarayana, M. N.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Biochemistry & Biophysics in 1976.Category: tetrahydrofurans This article mentions the following:

The syntheses of oligosaccharides occurring in the plant, Agave vera cruz, are brought about by transfructosylases. An enzyme preparation from the plant stem synthesizes 1-kestose from sucrose. Further action by the enzyme on 1-kestose leads to the formation of 2 series of homologous oligosaccharides with 1-kestose and neokestose basic structures, as judged by mass spectrometry, NMR, and methylation techniques. Each of the naturally occurring oligosaccharides, with d.p. 3-6, is acted upon by the enzyme, resulting in a series of oligosaccharides suggesting similarity of synthesis from 1-kestose. Experiments with sucrose-U-14C established its key role as the starting substrate in the successive synthesis of the higher oligosaccharides. No evidence was found for the formation of branched or 6-kestose-type oligosaccharides by the enzyme, although these are known to occur naturally. Self-transfer appears to be the main pathway of synthesis. Reactions in which sucrose serves as a donor of fructose moieties to oligosaccharides and vice versa appear to be minor. Oligosaccharide synthesis appears to be enhanced significantly under conditions of fructan synthesis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((2S,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 62512-20-3Category: tetrahydrofurans).

(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((2S,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-2-((((2R,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-Dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)methyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 62512-20-3) belongs to tetrahydrofuran derivatives. Tetrahydrofuran and dihydrofuran form the basic structural unit of many naturally occurring scaffolds like gambieric acid A and ciguatoxin, goniocin, and some biologically active molecules. Oxidations have also proved to be valuable and efficient approaches to chiral tetrahydrofuran derivatives.Category: tetrahydrofurans

Referemce:
Tetrahydrofuran – Wikipedia,
Tetrahydrofuran | (CH2)3CH2O – PubChem